479 people + prizes

Scanning Tunneling Microscope (1986)

Ruska, Binnig, Rohrer. Atomic-scale imaging.

Fullerenes/C60 (1996)

Curl, Kroto, Smalley

Semiconductor Heterostructures (2000)

Alferov, Kroemer, Kilby

Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) (2007)

Fert, Grunberg

GFP (2008)

Shimomura, Chalfie, Tsien

Graphene (2010)

Geim, Novoselov

Super Resolution Microscopy (2014)

Betzig, Hell, Moerner

Molecular machines (2016)

Sauvage, Stoddart, Feringa

Cryo-electron microscopy (2017)

Dubochet, Frank, Henderson

Lithium-ion batteries (2019)

Goodenough, Whittingham, Yoshino

viral nano particles (2008)

Harald zur Hausen

DNA Repair (2015)

lindahl, Moncrich, Sancar

CRISPR (2020)

Doudna, Charpentier

mRNA Vaccines (2023)

Karikó, Weismman

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (2018)

Allison, Hanjo

pioneer in SERS, plasmonics, SERS, nanosphere lithography

Van Duyne

discovered quantum dots

Brus

research with mRNA

Karikó

studied how immune system responds to nucleic acids

Weissman

developed IL-2 therapies for cancer (immunotherapy pioneer)

Rosen(berg?)

pioneered CART cell therapy at the university of f pennsylvania

June

nanoparticle delivery systems, controlled release, nanoparticles that deliver mRNA

Langer

developed water-soluble quantum dots for biomedical applications

Nie

developed ATR theory of nanoparticle entry/exit

Warren Chan (UToronto)

developed pH-dependent nanoparticles that show up in imaging when they reach cancerous tissue

Jinming Gao (UT Southwestern)

contributions to chemical synthesis and characterization of semiconductor quantum dots

Dr. Paul Alivisatos