Organic Chemistry - Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

MCAT Chapter 9

Amides

compounds with general formula RCONR₂

Fischer esterfication

reaction where carboxylic acid and alcohol condense into esters

Anhydrides

condensation dimers of carboxylic acid with formula RC(O)OC(O)R

Triacylglycerols

Storage form of fat in body, esters of long chain carboxylic acids and glycerol

Saponification

process which fats are hydrolyzed under basic conditions to produce soap

Induction

Uneven distribution of charge across a sigma bond because of differences in electronegativitiy

Conjugation

refer to the presence of alternating single and multiple bonds, which creates delocalized pi electron cloud above and below the plane of the molecule. Electrons experience resonance through unhybridized p orbitals increasing stability. Conjugated carbonyl containing compounds are more reafctive because they can stabilize their transition state

Transesterfication

the exchange of one esterifying group for another or an ester.