nomenclature

Binary, Ionic, type 1

• metal + nonmetal

• Metal make only one type of ion

• Full metal name + nonmetal root + ide

• Ex.

  • NaCl→ Sodium Chloride

  • AlCl3→Aluminum Chloride

Binary, ionic, type 2

• Metal + nonmetal

• Metal able to make more than one ion

  • Mainly transition metals

• Systemic

  • FeO→ Iron (II) oxide

  • Fe2O3→ iron (III) oxide

• Roman

  • High oxi: metal+ic

  • Low oxi: metal+ous

  • Ex:

    • FeO→ ferrous oxide

    • Fe2O3→ ferric oxide

Binary covalent

• 2 nonmetals

• Use prefix to indicate number of elements

• Ex:

  • N2O: dinitrogen monoxide

  • NO: nitrogen monoxide

  • NO2: nitrogen dioxide

Ternary compounds

• polyatomic with one or multiple other elements

• NaBrO4: Sodium Perbomate

• Na2SO4: sodium sulfate

• Ca(NO3)2: calcium nitrate

Acids w/o oxygen

• prefix hydro + anion root + suffix ic

• Ex:

  • HF: hydroflouric acid

  • HCl: hydrochloric acid

Acids w oxygen

• anion ends in ate: ic

• Anion ends in ite: ous

• Ex:

  • Perchlorate (HClO4): perchloric acid

  • Chlorate (HClO3): chloric acid

  • Chlorite (HClO2): chlorous acid

  • Hypochlorite (HClO): hypochlorous acid