lang all vocab

SOAPSTone

Speaker, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Subject, Tone; a strategy for analyzing rhetoric.

DIDLS

Diction, Imagery, Details, Language, Syntax; a method for analyzing style.

Homily

A moral or religious speech.

Treatise

A formal written discussion on a subject.

Process Analysis

Explaining how something works or is done.

Claim of Fact

A statement that can be proven true or false.

Claim of Value

A judgment about what is right or important.

Claim of Policy

A claim advocating a course of action.

Euphemism

A mild term replacing a harsh one.

Slanted Language

Biased wording to influence opinion.

Colloquial

Conversational wording.

Equivocation

Using vague language to mislead.

Double Entendre

A phrase with two meanings.

Mode of Discourse

Method of presenting ideas (narration, etc.).

Post Hoc

False assumption that one event caused another.

Ad Hominem

Attacking the person instead of the argument.

False Dilemma

Presenting only two choices unfairly.

Begging the Question

Circular reasoning.

Straw Man

Misrepresenting an argument to attack it.

Non Sequitur

A conclusion that does not logically follow.

Ad Populum

Appeal to popularity.

Bandwagon

Encouraging people to follow the crowd.

Didactic

Designed to teach.

Ornate

Highly decorative language.

Metonymy

Replacing something with a related term.

Conceit

A complex extended metaphor.

Syntax

The arrangement of words in sentences.

Anaphora

Repetition at the beginning of clauses.

Epistrophe

Repetition at the end of clauses.

Chiasmus

Reversed grammatical structure.

Climax

Increasing importance in ideas.

Antecedent

The noun a pronoun refers to.

Appositive Phrase

A phrase renaming a noun.

Comma Splice

Joining clauses with only a comma.

Socratic Irony

Pretending ignorance to reveal truth.

Epistemology

Study of knowledge.

Empiricism

Knowledge from experience.

Metaphysics

Study of reality and existence.

A Priori

Knowledge independent of experience.

A Posteriori

Knowledge from experience.

Absurdism

Belief life is irrational.

Agnosticism

Belief that existence of God is unknown.

Anarchism

Belief in no government.

Anthropomorphism

Giving human traits to non-human things.

Asceticism

Self-denial for spiritual reasons.

Determinism

Belief events are predetermined.

Dualism

Belief in two opposing forces.

Egalitarianism

Belief in equality.

Existentialism

Focus on individual responsibility.

Fascism

Authoritarian government system.

Hedonism

Pleasure as highest good.

Libertarianism

Emphasis on personal freedom.

Marxism

Theory of class struggle.

Nihilism

Rejection of meaning.

Pantheism

Belief God is everything.

Pragmatism

Focus on practical results.

Progressivism

Support for reform.

Socialism

State control of resources.

Stoicism

Endurance without emotional display.

Transcendentalism

Belief truth goes beyond senses.

Utilitarianism

the right action is the one that prod the best number of consequences, provide most benefit

Epitaph

A short inscription in prose or verse on a tombstone or monument. (2) A statement or

speech commemorating someone who has died: a funeral oration.

exposition

A statement or type of composition intended to give information about (or an explanation

of) an issue, subject, method, or idea.

extended metaphor

A comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of

sentences in a paragraph or lines in a poem.

induction

A method of reasoning by which a rhetor collects a number of instances and forms a

generalization that is meant to apply to all instances.

jargon

- The specialized language of a professional, occupational, or other group, often meaningless to

outsiders.

litotes

A figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by

negating its opposite.

prose

Ordinary writing (both fiction and nonfiction) as distinguished from verse.

syllogism

A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a

conclusion.

synecdoche

A figure of speech in which a part is used to represent the whole, the whole for a part, the

specific for the general, the general for the specific, or the material for the thing made from it.

zeugma

The use of a word to modify or govern two or more words although its use maybe

grammatically or logically correct with only one.