[10.30b] Medico-Legal Aspect of Intellectual Disability and Addiction (Part 2) V2.1.pdf

Assimilate factual knowledge

What is the first ability listed in the definition of intelligence?

Recall recent and remote events

What memory-related ability is part of intelligence?

Reason logically

What cognitive process is essential to intelligence?

Manipulate concepts

What ability involving words and numbers defines intelligence?

Translate abstract concepts into literal

What directional translation of concepts is part of intelligence?

Analyze and synthesize

What dual processes of information handling are part of intelligence?

Deal meaningfully with problems and priorities

How does an intelligent person interact with important situations?

Very superior

What is the classification for an IQ score of 130 or higher?

Superior

What is the classification for an IQ score of 120 to 129?

High Average

What is the classification for an IQ score of 110 to 119?

Average

What is the classification for an IQ score of 90 to 109?

Low Average

What is the classification for an IQ score of 80 to 89?

Borderline

What is the classification for an IQ score of 70 to 79?

Extremely Low

What is the classification for an IQ score of 69 or lower?

Mental retardation

What term for intellectual disability is no longer used according to the source?

9 to under 12

What was the mental age range for Mild MR in the DSM-IV?

6 to under 9

What was the mental age range for Moderate MR in the DSM-IV?

3 to under 6

What was the mental age range for Severe MR in the DSM-IV?

Less than 3

What was the mental age range for Profound MR in the DSM-IV?

Below 20 or 25

What was the IQ range for Profound MR in the DSM-IV?

Domains of functioning

Instead of IQ numbers, how is intellectual disability now measured?

Intellectual Developmental Disorder

What is the alternative name for Intellectual Disability?

Developmental period

During what life stage must the onset of intellectual and adaptive deficits occur?

Conceptual, social, and practical

In what three domains must deficits occur for an intellectual disability diagnosis?

Dementia

What condition is characterized by cognitive functioning deterioration at age 70?

Pseudodementia

What condition is characterized by memory deterioration in a depressed person in their 30s?

Measured in IQ testing

Where are deficits in intellectual functions like reasoning and problem solving measured?

Adaptive functioning

What type of functioning includes communication, social participation, and independent living?

Multiple environments

Across what range of settings must adaptive deficits be present?

Dissonance

What term describes the gap when an individual has low measured IQ but functions adaptively?

Functional abilities

Rather than scores, what does the modern assessment of ID levels depend on?

Mild

Which level of ID involves difficulties in abstract thinking and executive functioning as adults?

Manipulated

People with mild ID are at risk for what in social situations because they don't understand risk?

Shopping and transportation

In what practical tasks do adults with mild ID need support?

Raising a family

What complex personal task requires support for individuals with mild ID?

Moderate

Which level of ID is characterized by adults having academic skills at an elementary level?

Marked difference

How do individuals with moderate ID compare to peers in social communicative behavior?

Extended period of teaching

What is needed for an individual with moderate ID to care for personal needs?

Severe

Which level of ID is characterized by caregivers providing extensive support throughout life?

Single words or phrases

How is the spoken language of an individual with severe ID described?

Supervision at all times

What level of practical care is required for individuals with severe ID?

Profound

Which level of ID involves conceptual skills related to the physical world rather than symbolic?

Non-verbal means

How do individuals with profound ID mostly express themselves?

Dependent on others for all daily care

What is the practical domain status of individuals with profound ID?

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

What does WAIS stand for?

Vocabulary and general information

What is measured in the Verbal IQ portion of the WAIS?

Social judgment and common sense

What practical skill is assessed under Verbal IQ?

Visual-motor coordination

What non-verbal area is measured under Performance IQ?

Attention to detail

Besides perceptual organization, what is measured in Performance IQ?

Full Scale IQ

What IQ score combines both verbal and performance measurements?

6 to 16 years

What is the age range for the WISC-IV test?

Verbal Comprehension and Perceptual Reasoning

What are two of the four domains measured by the WISC-IV?

Working Memory and Processing Speed

What are the remaining two domains measured by the WISC-IV?

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale

Which examination gauges intelligence through five factors of cognitive ability?

Fluid reasoning and Knowledge

What are the first two factors of the Stanford-Binet test?

Quantitative reasoning and Visual-spatial processing

What are the third and fourth factors of the Stanford-Binet test?

Intelligence quotient

What ratio is the combined score of the Stanford-Binet factors commonly reduced to?

Vineland Adaptive Behavior Skills

Which test specifically measures abilities in communication, daily living, and motor skills?

Interviewing a family member

How are the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Skills typically assessed?

Malingering

What is the term for feigning illness to gain something like skipping duty?

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

What does MMPI stand for?

Exaggeration of psychopathology

What was the MMPI designed to look for?

Third party data

What should be assessed, such as school records, to check for actual mental illness?

Psychomotor retardation

Why might depression lower Performance IQ scores?

Slow thinking and speaking

What characteristic of depression makes a patient seem slow to answer?

Anxiety

What condition results in poor concentration and lower IQ scores?

Practice effect

What occurs if a test is administered again in less than 6 months to a year?

3 points

By how many points does Verbal IQ increase due to the practice effect?

9 to 10 points

By how many points does Performance IQ increase due to the practice effect?

6 points

By how many points does Full scale IQ increase due to the practice effect?

Flynn Effect

What is the term for the population becoming smarter over time?

Updated tests

What does the Flynn effect show the importance of using?

No automatic correlation

What is the relationship between a forensic diagnosis and criminal responsibility?

Miranda comprehension

What legal understanding is inversely correlated with low intelligence?

Police coercion

Low intelligence increases the likelihood of succumbing to what?

False confessions

Low intelligence is correlated with an increased likelihood of providing what to investigators?

Faking bad

What must be ruled out in criminal cases where a person wants to appear more sick?

Faking good

What must be ruled out in civil cases where a person wants to appear more capable?

Article 12

Which article of the Revised Penal Code exempts an imbecile from criminal liability?

Lucid interval

When is an insane person not exempt from criminal liability?

2 and 7 years old

An imbecile has a mental development comparable to children of what age?

Article 798

Which article of the Civil Code requires a testator to be of sound mind?

Estate nature and object of bounty

What are two things a testator must know to be of sound mind?

Character of the testamentary act

What is the third requirement for sound mind in will-making?

Rule 92 Section 2

Which rule of the Rules of Court defines guardianship?

Civil interdiction

What penalty makes a person incompetent under the Rules of Court?

Hospitalized lepers and prodigals

What two groups are specifically listed as incompetent under Rule 92?

Deaf and dumb unable to read

What physical disability group is considered incompetent under guardianship rules?

Consent for drug testing

What is the first step in the processing of drug tests?

Supervised collection

How is the specimen collected in drug testing?

Picture taking

What is done during drug testing to ensure a representative was not used?

Screening and confirmatory

What are the two types of testing done in processing drug tests?

Amphetamines

Phenylephrine and pseudoephedrine can produce false positives for what drug?

Bupropion and Metformin

What two common medications can cause false positive amphetamine results?

Uric acid

What is Fenofibrate commonly used for, which can cause false positives?

Cannabinoids

Efavirenz and NSAIDs can produce false positives for what?

Lipophilic

Why do individuals with higher body fat retain cannabinoids longer?

Passive inhalation

Besides hemp foods, what environmental factor can cause false positive cannabinoid tests?

Released quickly

How are negative drug test results typically characterized?

Sent for confirmatory testing

Why do positive drug test results take weeks to be released?