FFA Milk Quality

Approximately what percent of today's youth consume the recommended amount of dairy products?

30

Milk marketed as low-fat milk has no more than what percent milk fat?

1

Pasteurization is the process of heating every particle of milk to the minimum required temperature and holding it continuously for the minimum required time. This is dependent on?

Temperature and time

Yogurt is manufactured from fresh, whole, low-fat or skim milk that is heated before fermentation. Federal standards require yogurt to have a minimum of what percent fat?

3.25

The absence of what in milk is not an accident, since they would catalyze oxidation, producing metallic or oxidized flavors?

Iron and copper

New food plate guidelines recommended how many servings of dairy products per day?

3

Demand for dairy products is typically the lowest in which season?

Summer

One mechanism used by the USDA to remove surplus dairy products from the supply is what, which subsidizes manufacturers who sell overseas at a loss?

Dairy Export Incentive Program

The total dollars a dairy has in assets divided by the number of cows determines what?

Total investment per cow

According to the Food & Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences, all people need at least how many milligrams of calcium per day?

1,000

The hormone oxytocin is released by which gland? This release stimulates the mammary gland.

Pituitary

The ability of lipase to attack milk fat and produce a rancid off-flavor is enhanced by?

Excessive agitation of warm raw milk

Chemical sanitizers containing what are most widely used for sanitizing milking equipment?

Chlorine

Rubber parts readily absorb what and need to be cleaned in an alkaline detergent?

Milk fat

The practice that distributes milk payments among the producers within a specific Federal Milk Marketing Order is called?

Pool pricing

Summer milk has been estimated to contain 1.6 times as much of which vitamin as winter milk?

A

Fluid milk use per person has reached its lowest level since tracking began in 1909. Currently how many pounds of fluid milk are used per person per year?

201

How many Federal Milk Marketing Orders are there in the United States?

Ten

The microbiological standard for Grade A raw milk from a single producer is how many bacteria per milliliter of milk prior to co-mingling with milk from other producers?

100,000

Rules developed by which organization are designed to protect the health and welfare of consumers?

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

The current U.S. per capita consumption of milk is approximately how many gallons per year?

20

Which farmer-funded program aims to strengthen and stabilize milk prices by balancing supply and demand?

Cooperative Working Together (CWT)

By regulation, milk from cows treated with antibiotics usually must be withheld for how many hours?

48-72

The standard plate count (SPC) is an estimate of the total number of what?

Aerobic bacteria

The largest exported U.S. dairy product by total volume is?

Dry whey

The milk fat differential used in paying for raw milk is?

The price to be added or subtracted per 1 percent of milk fat above or below a set percentage.

To properly sanitize milk lines and equipment, water must be circulated in place (CIP) at a minimum temperature of what for at least 5 minutes?

170 degrees F (77 degrees C)

The largest percentage of the United States milk supply is utilized in the production of what?

Cheese

The traditional method of pricing milk uses a milk fat differential of how much per 0.1 percent from a base of what percent milk fat?

3.5

A California Mastitis Test (CMT) requires a sample of how many cc's of milk?

2

Since 1984, when President Ronald Reagan proclaimed a National Ice Cream Month, it has been celebrated annually in which month?

July

A mixture of milk and cream containing a minimum of 10.5 percent fat and a maximum of 18 percent fat is called?

Half-and-half cream

Which state is usually the leader in milk production per cow per year?

New Mexico

Which legislation made farm cooperatives legal?

Capper-Volstead Act

In what year did the Capper-Volstead Act give cooperatives the right and power to organize producers of farm commodities?

1929

The average per capita consumption per year of what is about 32 pounds?

Cheese

An example of an unripe variety of cheese is?

Cream

The highest price for milk is paid in which region of the United States?

New Mexico

Protein and amino acids go hand in hand since?

[Missing from text]

A milking machine applies what to the end of the teat to remove milk?

Vacuum

What is a test for rancidity?

[Missing from text - possibly Acid Degree Value (ADV)]

Federal Milk Marketing Orders are a mechanism for?

[Missing from text]

Data from the International Dairy Federation shows which country has the highest per capita consumption of butter and milk?

[Missing from text]

A form of mastitis that is hidden from sight is known as what kind of mastitis?

Subclinical

The Standard Identity for ice cream requires that it contain a minimum of what percent milk fat?

10

A CMT test result that indicates a somatic cell count of 400,000 to 1,500,000 will produce what result?

[Missing from text - likely a trace or 1]

A consumer found an off-flavor in milk packaged in transparent plastic jugs exposed to high intensity fluorescent light. The off-flavor probably was?

Light-induced / oxidized

What voluntary program helps score your farm's animal welfare practices against industry recommendations, operating as a partnership of the National Milk Producers Federation and Dairy Management, Inc.?

Farmers Assuring Responsible Management (FARM) Program

Federal milk order hearings can be lengthy because any person can testify and anyone may cross-examine the witness.

Interested party

Which vitamin was first discovered in milk fat and is important for maintaining eyesight?

Vitamin A

It requires how many pounds of milk to produce one pound of butter?

21

The highest production month for ice cream is?

July

Milk with low total solids will produce what kind of off-flavor?

Watery

According to HACCP, a receiving station is where?

Raw milk is received, handled, stored, etc.

Dry cream is produced by removing water from pasteurized milk and/or cream. Dry cream will have a maximum milk fat of what percent for economic reasons?

75

The Agriculture Act of 2014 (farm bill) provides a risk management tool for U.S. dairy producers. This tool recognizes large swings in feed costs and milk prices and is referred to as?

Milk Income-Over-Feed Cost

The California Mastitis Test (CMT) should be read within how many seconds after mixing?

20

What is not an antibiotic screening test for Beta Lactam drugs in raw milk?

Assay test

Cheddar cheeses sold in the United States, made from unpasteurized milk, must be ripened at least how many days?

60

The fluid milk product accounting for the largest fluid milk sales is what kind of milk?

Reduced/low-fat

The Standard Plate Count (SPC) has a prescribed incubation time of how many hours at what temperature?

48 hours at 32°C (90°F)

The major difference between evaporated and condensed milk is?

Condensed milk has sugar added to it.

Milk with an Acid Degree Value (ADV) of 1.0 or above will have a detectable what flavor?

Rancid

The Federal Milk Marketing Orders were revised in what year?

2000

A state that is a net importer of milk not producing enough to fulfill the needs of their population is?

Florida

Federal Milk Marketing Orders do not do what?

Impose sanitary restrictions on production

The world's leading dairy exporter is?

New Zealand

The first milk produced after parturition is called?

Colostrum

Low sodium cheddar cheese contains no more than how many milligrams of sodium per pound of finished cheese?

96

The somatic cell count standard for Grade A raw milk is how many or less per milliliter of milk?

750,000

U.S. milk production in 2013 increased to over how many pounds of milk?

200 billion

One gallon of milk weighs approximately how many pounds?

8.6

Which states dominate U.S. cheese production?

Wisconsin and California

The cheese that has maximum moisture of 45 percent and a minimum of 45 percent fat and is a pasta filata cheese is?

Provolone

Cultured sour cream is required by federal standards to have a minimum of what percent fat?

18

The best control of contagious mastitis is?

Germicidal teat dip

HACCP is a voluntary management tool that milk plants participate in for the control of identified hazards and is based on how many operating principles?

7

As produced at the farm, milk from Holstein cows is expected to contain approximately what percent milkfat and what percent nonfat milk solids?

3.7% milkfat, 8.7% nonfat milk solids

Adolescents have a recommendation of how many milligrams of calcium per day?

1,300

The leading U.S. state in butter production is?

California

The Grade A Pasteurized Milk Ordinance (PMO) specifies requirements for the production of Grade A raw milk for pasteurization and is recommended by whom?

Food and Drug Administration

When a producer's milk tests positive for a Beta Lactam drug, what do authorities not do?

Forego permit suspension provided the milk is not sold as Grade A milk.

The correct primary taste sensation/casual agent combination is?

Bitter-quinine

Cottage cheese from the grocery shelf must contain no less than what percent fat?

4

Federal Milk Marketing Orders regulate the sale of what grade of milk?

Grade A

The top three milk producing states for 2012 were?

California, Wisconsin, and Idaho

The major reason milk from cows treated with antibiotics must be withheld from the milk supply is?

Some humans are sensitive to antibiotics.

Which test is used to detect if milk has been pasteurized properly?

Phosphatase test

Mozzarella makes up nearly what percent of the total cheese production in the U.S.?

34

Approximately what percent of the total annual milk supply in the U.S. is used to make butter?

18

A fluid milk product that contains at least 8.25 percent nonfat milk solids and no more than 0.5 gram of fat in a single 8 ounce serving is?

Nonfat milk

Some dairy food products have a "REAL" seal on the package. This seal may not be placed on a package unless the product is?

Produced from NON-organic sources

The total supply of milk is directly influenced by?

Prices paid to milk producers.

About what percent of all milk produced by U.S. dairy farmers is used to produce ice cream?

9

The titratable acidity of milk that has been cooled properly usually ranges from?

0.13 to 0.17%

Salmonellosis infections are most common in cows that have calved within how many days?

10 days

The whey proteins in milk constitute about what percent of the total protein found in milk?

18

An imitation/substitute product by FDA definition meets all of the following statements except?

Imitation/substitute products are not regulated by the FDA.

The decision of a milk hauler to accept or reject milk at the farm depends on?

A knowledge of milk quality and ability to smell off odors.

The major cause of a salty flavor in milk is?

A mastitis infection.