INBDE Bootcamp High-Yield Oral Pathology Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering benign, malignant, infectious, and developmental oral pathologies based on INBDE high-yield notes.

Benign migratory glossitis (geographic tongue)

A benign condition where patches of the tongue's surface become depapillated and appear to shift, often associated with irritation or sensitivity.

Hemangioma

A benign vascular tumor appearing as a purple or blue lesion with a significant bleeding risk if excised.

Lingual varix

Dilated veins on the underside of the tongue appearing as blue or purple swellings that blanch on compression.

Lymphangioma

A benign neoplasm of lymphatic vessels most commonly occurring on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.

Peripheral ossifying fibroma

Fibrous hyperplasia with metaplastic osseous tissue, appearing as a gingival-colored mass anterior to molars containing mineralized products.

Pleomorphic adenoma

The most common benign salivary gland tumor, typically affecting the parotid and posterolateral palate.

Pyogenic granuloma

Reactive hyperplasia of granulation tissue manifesting as a painless, red, raspberry-like mass often associated with hormonal flux (e.g., pregnancy).

Ranula

A type of mucocele occurring in the floor of the mouth caused by blockage of the sublingual salivary gland, often due to trauma.

Schwannoma

A benign tumor of Schwann cells; biopsy reveals Verocay bodies in Antoni A areas.

Traumatic fibroma

Exuberant, benign fibrous hyperplasia associated with trauma, appearing as a raised, soft/firm mucosal nodule.

Epithelial dysplasia

A precancerous condition characterized by abnormal changes and maturation of epithelial cells seen on biopsy.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

A malignant salivary gland tumor characterized histologically by cells arranged in a cribriform pattern.

Basal cell carcinoma

A malignant neoplasm initially appearing as a flesh-colored, ‘pearly’ nodule, associated with age and sun exposure.

Melanoma

A malignant neoplasm of melanocytes; in the oral cavity, it appears as a black-brown patch with a poorer prognosis than cutaneous versions.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

The most common salivary gland malignancy, usually presenting as a painless, slow-growing, ulcerated mass.

Squamous cell carcinoma

The most common malignancy in the oral cavity, most likely to metastasize to the lungs.

Alveolar osteitis (dry socket)

A painful condition follow tooth extraction caused by the loss of the blood clot and exposure of the underlying bone.

Epulis fissuratum

Fibrous hyperplasia with a pebbly surface texture that develops due to the flanges of ill-fitting dentures.

Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia

An overgrowth of papilla on the hard palate beneath a maxillary denture base, often associated with candidiasis.

Nicotinic stomatitis

Also called smoker’s palate; benign hyperkeratosis caused by cigarette heat, appearing as gray/white papules with red dots representing minor salivary glands.

Pseudomembranous candidiasis (thrush)

A fungal infection presenting as white, curd-like plaques on a red base that can be wiped off.

Angular cheilitis

Cracked, red corners of the mouth often involving co-infection of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus.

Median rhomboid glossitis

A type of candidiasis manifesting as a red, depapillated midline on the tongue.

Chancre

A primary lesion of syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum, appearing as a painless ulcer.

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

The oral manifestation of primary HHV-1 or 2, featuring pain, fever, and clustered vesicles on both keratinized and nonkeratinized tissue.

Herpes labialis

Reactivated herpes simplex manifesting as clustered vesicular ulcerative lesions only on keratinized surfaces.

Ramsay Hunt syndrome

A neurological syndrome from reactivated HHV-3 in the geniculate ganglion, causing facial muscle paralysis, loss of taste, and ear pain.

Oral hairy leukoplakia

White, non-wipeable lesions of the lateral tongue caused by HHV-4 (Epstein-Barr virus), associated with HIV/AIDS.

Kaposi sarcoma

A rare HHV-8 complication of HIV/AIDS appearing as purple, red, or brown spots on the hard palate, gingiva, or tongue.

Condyloma acuminatum

A manifestation of HPV infection appearing as exophytic, pedunculated warts with a cauliflower-like appearance.

Aphthous ulcer

Known as a ‘canker sore’; a yellow-white round ulceration exclusive to nonkeratinized tissue.

Erythema multiforme

A hypersensitivity reaction featuring ‘target lesions’ (circular red patches in rings), crusting lips, and a negative Nikolsky sign.

Lichen planus

An immune-mediated disease causing bilateral, white, non-wipeable ‘Wickham striae’ in a lacy pattern on the buccal mucosa.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid

An immune-mediated disease causing hemidesmosome destruction; necessitates referral to ophthalmology for potential conjunctiva involvement.

Pemphigus vulgaris

An immune-mediated disease causing desmosome destruction, often associated with a positive Nikolsky sign and cutaneous involvement (dermatology referral).

Bohn's nodule

Small, painless white cystic lesions on the gingiva of a newborn representing salivary gland remnants.

Epstein pearls

Small white cysts found along the midline of the palate in newborns.

Lateral periodontal cyst

A pear-shaped radiolucency between roots; associated teeth remain vital.

Paget’s disease (osteitis deformans)

A bone remodeling disorder with a ‘cotton wool’ skull appearance and elevated alkaline phosphatase levels.

Warthin's tumor

A benign salivary gland tumor found almost exclusively in the parotid gland.

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

A malignant tumor of lymphocytes characterized histopathologically by Reed-Sternberg cells.

Multiple myeloma

A plasma cell malignancy characterized by ‘punched out’ radiolucencies and the CRAB acronym (Calcium elevation, Renal failure, Anemia, Bone damage).

Eagle syndrome

A condition involving a calcified stylohyoid ligament causing pain when swallowing or turning the head.

Amelogenesis imperfecta

A developmental disturbance of enamel formation categorized into hypoplastic (Type I), hypomaturation (Type II), and hypocalcified (Type III).

Dentinogenesis imperfecta

A developmental disturbance where teeth appear discolored and translucent, with bulbous crowns and obliterated pulp chambers.

Dentin dysplasia Type I (radicular)

Characterized by short roots or ‘rootless teeth’ and a chevron-shaped pulp remnant.

Dentin dysplasia Type II (coronal)

Characterized by thistle tube-shaped pulp chambers and pulp stones with normal roots.

Concrescence

The union of adjacent teeth by cementum only; most common in maxillary molars.

Dens invaginatus (dens in dente)

A ‘tooth within a tooth’ resulting from an inward folding of the tooth surface before calcification.

Dens evaginatus

An outward folding of the tooth surface forming a small extra cusp, most common in mandibular premolars.

Enamel pearl

A small nodule of ectopic enamel found most frequently at the furcation point of maxillary molar roots.

Fusion

The union of two teeth at the dentin and pulp, result in one fewer tooth than normal in the arch.

Gemination

An attempt by a single tooth bud to divide into two; the tooth count remains normal.

Regional odontodysplasia

A non-hereditary abnormality appearing as ‘ghost teeth’ due to poor mineralization of enamel and dentin.

Taurodontism

Elongation of the pulp chamber due to apical migration of the furcation, primarily in permanent molars.