exam 3 survey in physics

An alpha particle is really a high-energy electron ejected from the nucleus. t or f

false

If the isotope ⁹⁰Sr undergoes a beta emission, what would be the resuting product?

Correct answer: ^90 y

This type of radiation can easily pass through a human.

gamma

If there was intially 12 g of a radioacrive isotope, how much would be left after three half lives?

1.5g

When Cm-245 undergoes alpha emission, the product will be __________.

Pu

The number of protons plus neutrons in an atom’s nucleus is the atom’s ________.

mass number

In nuclear reactor, control rods _______.

Correct answer:

absorb neutrons

The splitting apart of large isotopes into smaller ones is known as _____.

Correct answer:

Nuclear fission

Uranium-238 through a series of decay processes will eventually become _____.

Correct answer:

Pb-206

The product of a reaction between matter and antimatter are ________.

Correct answer:

gamma rays

The absolute magnitude considers the brightness of a star when at a standard distance. t or f

true

More massive stars tend to use up their supply of hydrogen more rapidly. t or f

true

Stonehenge is an ancient observatory built in ________.

Correct answer:

England

Which of the following star colors has the highest temperature?

blue

About how old is the universe?

Correct answer:

13.7 billion years

One piece of evidence in support of the Big Bang Theory is _____________.

Correct answer:

cosmic microwave background radiation

The expected life span of a star the size of the Sun is ________.

Correct answer:

10 billion years

The Milky Way galaxy is a(n) __________ galaxy.

spiral

The proton-proton chain reaction that is responsible for the energy of most stars involves the fusion of hydrogen nuclei together to produce ___________ nuclei.

Correct answer:

helium

The unit of stellar distance defined as the distance light travels in a year, about 9.5 trillion kilometers (5.8 trillion miles), is called a(n) ______________.

Correct answer:

light year

The temperature on the surface of Venus is hot enough to melt lead. t or f

true

The elements heavier than iron on Earth were formed by ___________________.

reactions with a supernova explosions of other stars

Which of the following planets is the densest?

Earth

Which planets have no moons?

Mercury and Venus

Most of the mass of the solar system is found in _________.

the Sun

The smallest planet in the solar system is _________.

Mercury

Remnants of asteroids or comets that survive the trip through Earth's atmosphere to strike the surface are called ________.

meteorites

Which one of the following planets does not belong with the others?

Jupiter

The brightest object in the sky after the Sun and Moon is ______.

Venus

Photographs of the surface of Mars provides evidence that liquid water once flowed on its surface.

True

the average temperature of Earth is slightly lower in January because then Earth is at its greatest distance from the Sun. t or f

false

Latitude is a measure of how far north or south one is from the equator. t or f

true

The findings from the Apollo space missions to the Moon support the idea that the Moon formed from the impact of Earth with a very large object. t or f

true

The fact that there are seasons on Earth is largely due to _______.

the tilt of Earth's axis

A lunar eclipse can only occur during which phase of the Moon?

full

If you were flying east on a jet across three times zones and your watch read 12:00 noon when you landed, you should __________.

set it to 3:00 PM

We always see the same side of the Moon because ______.

the Moon's periods of rotation and revolution are the same

Especially high and low tides that occur near the times of new and full moons are called ________.

spring

The longest day of the year in Florida occurs on the _________.

summer solstice

Due to the Coriolis Effect, a moving object appears to be deflected to the _______ in the Northern Hemisphere.

right