Lab Exam 2: LYMPHATIC & IMMUNE SYSTEM MATERIAL

Spleen

Thymus

What lymphatic structure is highlighted in this image?

Palatine Tonsils

What lymphatic structure is highlighted in this image?

Thoracic Duct

What lymphatic structure is highlighted in this image?

axillary lymph nodes

What lymphatic structure is highlighted in this image?

List some functions of the lymphatic system.

1. recovers interstitial fluid that did not get reabsorbed into the blood stream

2. Participates in immunity to defend the body against disease

3. absorption of dietary liquids

What are lymphatic capillaries?

tiny, blind-ended, thin-walled vessels located in tissue spaces that maintain fluid balance by absorbing excess interstitial fluid (lymph), proteins, and pathogens

thoracic duct

Which lymphatic structure is this white line pointing to?

right lymphatic duct

Which lymphatic structure is this white line pointing to?

Lymph Node

What lymphatic structure is highlighted in this image?

What is innate immunity?

cells and mechanisms with broad specificity, offering protection against numerous different pathogens; defenses are present at birth and the response time is very fast

What is adaptive immunity?

cells and defenses that are activated only upon exposure to a specific pathogen; response time is slower but stronger, and results in long-term immune memory

What do the primary lymphoid organs do and where are they?

the sites of lymphocyte maturation and in the bone marrow and thymus

What does the secondary lymphoid organs do?

they house mature lymphocytes

List the secondary lymphoid organs.

1. tonsils

2. lymph nodes

3. spleen

4. lymphoid nodules of mucous membranes

What is phagocytosis?

a type of endocytosis where an object is engulfed and destroyed by a phagocytic cell

What is an antigen?

a molecule capable of being bound by antibodies or immune cells

What is apoptosis?

Controlled self destruction by a body cell

What is an antibody?

a small protein produced by activated B-lymphocytes; binds to a specific antigen and assists in clearing foreign antigens from the body

What is a complement?

a group of proteins that become activated in the presence of a pathogen, resulting in phagocytosis, lysis, and clearance of the pathogen

What is inflammation?

a coordinated processes that help contain an infection, destroy the pathogenic agent, and initiate repair of damaged tissues

What is exudate?

a collective term for the additional fluid, cells, and proteins that leave the blood during inflammation

What is a fever?

elevated body temperature caused by an infection; slows the replication of pathogens and promotes activity of immune cells and antimicrobial proteins

What is the first line of defense?

skin and mucous membranes

What are the second lines of defense?

1. phagocytosis

2. complement

3. inflammation

4. fever

5. innate immune cells

6. interferons

What are the third lines of defense?

1. lymphocytes

2. antibodies

3. plasma cells

The first and second lines of defense are apart of _____ immunity.

innate

Adaptive immunity is apart of the ______ line of defense.

third

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