#39. 1901-1950

melancholy

n. / gloomy; depressed and weary / 우울한/ 침울한 / A sense of melancholy lingered after the farewell.

genteel

adj. / refined; polite; aristocratic; affecting refinement / 품위 있는/ 우아한/ 집안이 좋은 / She was raised in a genteel household.

resonate

v. / to evoke a strong emotional response or similarity / 공감하다 / The message resonated with many young people.

guile

n. / sly or cunning intelligence / 교활함 / The politician used guile to achieve his goals.

courtesy

n. / polite behavior that shows respect for other people / 예의 / Showing courtesy to others is important.

prerogative

n. / an exclusive right or privilege / 특권 / It is the manager's prerogative to make the final decision.

effectual

adj. / effective; adequate / 효과적인/ 충분한 / The treatment proved effectual.

cordial

adj. / politely pleasant and friendly / 다정한 / They maintained a cordial relationship.

adherent

n. / a follower or supporter of something / 추종자 / The movement gained many adherents.

demography

n. / the statistical study of characteristics of populations / 인구 통계학 / She specialized in demography at university.

persevere

v. / to continue doing something despite difficulty / 계속하다 / You must persevere if you want to succeed.

cohort

n. / a group / 한 패/ 동료/ 그룹 / The study followed a cohort of students.

zestful

adj. / characterized by great enjoyment, energy, and enthusiasm / 열심인/ 기운찬 / He gave a zestful performance.

knavery

n. / unprincipled, untrustworthy, or dishonest dealing; trickery / 사기/ 속임수 / The merchant was known for his knavery.

sustenance

n. / the support or nourishment needed to live or continue / 생존 / Farmers relied on the land for sustenance.

shroud

v. / to cover or envelop something in a way that obscures or hides it / 뒤덮다 / Fog shrouded the mountains.

deflate

v. / to release air or gas from something and make it smaller / 붕괴하다 / The balloon slowly deflated overnight.

grandiose

adj. / absurdly exaggerated / 웅장한/ 장엄한/ 젠체하는 / He proposed a grandiose plan that seemed unrealistic.

trace

v. / to follow the flow of something and describe it / ~의 흐름을 따라가다 (설명하다) / Historians traced the origins of the tradition.

discord

n. / lack of harmony or peace / 불화/ 불일치 / Political discord divided the nation.

gamut

n. / the full range / 전 범위/ 전반 / The exhibition covered the gamut of modern art.

arbitration

n. / the process or act of resolving a dispute / 중재/ 조정 / The conflict was settled through arbitration.

agreeable

adj. / pleasing, pleasant; readily agreeing / 편안한/ 잘 동의하는 / She was an agreeable companion.

showy

adj. / having an appearance that attracts attention / 현란한 / He wore a showy jacket to the event.

proscribe

v. / to forbid or prohibit something by law or authority / 금지하다 / The government proscribed the organization.

overbearing

adj. / often trying to control the behavior of other people in an annoying or unwanted way / 고압적인 / His overbearing attitude frustrated his coworkers.

belatedly

adv. / late / 뒤늦게 / She belatedly realized her mistake.

recollection

n. / memory, or recall of a memory / 기억/ 회상 / My recollection of the event is still vivid.

assured

adj. / exhibiting confidence / 자신감에 찬 / She spoke in an assured manner.

sumptuous

adj. / luxurious; splendid; lavish / 사치스러운/ 훌륭한 / The guests enjoyed a sumptuous meal.

appraise

v. / to assess / 평가하다 / Experts appraised the value of the painting.

overarching

adj. / overall, including or related to all aspects / 전체를 아우르는 / The report identified an overarching theme.

wench

n. / a girl or young woman / 여자/ 계집애 / The term "wench" is now considered archaic.

civic

adj. / of or related to citizens / 시민의 / Civic responsibility is essential in a democracy.

apocalypse

n. / a prophetic revelation, especially one concerning the end of the world / 종말론/ 세계의 종말에 관한 예언 / The movie depicted an apocalypse.

boisterous

adj. / noisy and lacking in restraint or discipline / 거친/ 사나운/ 요란한 / The children were boisterous during recess.

expurgate

v. / to remove offensive or incorrect parts, usually of a book / 삭제하다/ 불온한 것을 제거하다 / Editors expurgated the controversial passages.

ensure

v. / to make certain / 반드시 ~하다/ 꼭 ~하다 / Please ensure that all forms are completed.

adulation

n. / extreme praise / 아첨/ 추켜세움 / The celebrity was uncomfortable with the constant adulation.

ratify

v. / to formally approve or accept something / 승인하다 / The agreement was ratified by all parties.

chronic

adj. / constant; lasting a long time; inveterate / 만성의/ 오래 지속되는 / He suffers from chronic back pain.

composed

adj. / calm; tranquil / 침착한/ 평온한 / She remained composed under pressure.

avenge

v. / to seek revenge / 복수하다 / The hero vowed to avenge his family.

incandescent

adj. / emitting light as a result of being heated / 백열의 / The incandescent bulb glowed brightly.

redress

v. / to remedy or make amends for / 보상하다 / The court sought to redress the injustice.

repose

n. / a state of rest, sleep, or tranquility / 휴식/ 안식 / After a long day, he enjoyed a moment of repose.

assuage

v. / to ease or alleviate / 완화시키다 / The medicine helped assuage the pain.

forswear

v. / to retract, renounce, or recant; to take back / 맹세로 끊다/ 부정하다/ 철회하다 / He forswore his former beliefs.

retain

v. / to continue to have possession or control of / 유지하다 / The company retained its market leadership.

proletariat

n. / the industrial working class / 무산계급/ 최하층민 / The novel focused on the struggles of the proletariat.