Chapter 30: The Child with a Skin Condition

Flashcards covering key terminology and concepts related to skin conditions, assessments, infections, disorders, and care in pediatric patients.

Macule

A flat rash such as freckles.

Vesicle

An elevated, fluid-filled blister like a cold sore or chicken pox.

Crust

A scab that forms on the skin.

Papule

An elevated area on the skin, commonly referred to as a pimple.

Pustule

An elevated area filled with pus, seen in conditions such as impetigo and acne.

Wheal

A raised, red, and irregular skin area, such as a mosquito bite or allergic reaction.

Ecchymosis

A black and blue-purple mark, commonly known as a bruise.

Café au lait macules

Light brown, oval patches that may indicate neurofibromatosis.

Hypopigmented macules

Whitish oval or leaf-shaped spots associated with tuberous sclerosis.

Butterfly Rash

A rash over the nose and cheeks, linked to photosensitivity and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Miliaria (Prickly Heat)

A skin rash caused by the retention of sweat, presenting as tiny red papules.

Intertrigo

Chafing or rash due to moisture and friction in skin folds.

Seborrheic dermatitis (Cradle Cap)

A common condition in infants characterized by scaly patches on the scalp.

Diaper dermatitis

A rash from prolonged exposure to moisture and irritants in the diaper area.

Acne Vulgaris

A common skin condition characterized by pimples and inflammation.

Herpes simplex, type I

A viral infection that causes cold sores, usually beginning with tingling and itching.

Atopic dermatitis

An inflammation of genetically hypersensitive skin, also known as infantile eczema.

Pediculosis

An infestation of lice, with three types: head, body, and pubic lice.

Scabies

A parasitic skin infestation caused by a female mite that burrows under the skin.

Tinea capitis

A fungal infection of the scalp, commonly known as scalp ringworm.

Tinea corporis

A fungal infection of the skin, recognized by scaly rings with a clear center.

Tinea pedis

A fungal infection of the feet, also known as athlete's foot.

Tinea cruris

A fungal infection of the groin area, known as jock itch.

Chemical burn

A burn caused by corrosive substances.

Electrical burn

A burn caused by electrical current passing through the body.

Thermal burn

A burn caused by contact with fire, hot liquids, or steam.

Sunburn

Skin injury caused by overexposure to UV radiation from the sun.

Frostbite

Injury to the skin and underlying tissues due to freezing temperatures.