Energy

What is energy?

The capacity to do work or produce change.

What is kinetic energy?

Energy an object has due to its motion.

What is potential energy?

Energy stored in an object due to its position or state.

What is the law of conservation of energy?

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.

What is renewable energy?

Energy from sources that are replenished naturally, such as solar or wind.

What are non-renewable energy resources?

Energy sources that cannot be replenished in a short period, such as fossil fuels.

What is thermal energy?

Energy that comes from the temperature of matter.

What is mechanical energy?

The sum of potential and kinetic energy in an object.

What is electrical energy?

The energy of moving electrons.

What is gravitational potential energy?

Energy an object possesses due to its height above the ground.

How is energy measured?

In joules (J).

What is power?

The rate at which energy is transferred or converted.

What is the formula for power?

Power (P) = Energy (E) / Time (t).

What is efficiency?

The ratio of useful output of energy to the input energy, expressed as a percentage.

What is energy transfer?

The process of energy moving from one system or object to another.

What is an energy transfer diagram?

A visual representation of energy transformations and transfers.

What is sound energy?

Energy produced by vibrating sound waves.

What is electromagnetic energy?

Energy that travels in waves and includes light, radio, and microwaves.

What is chemical energy?

Energy stored in chemical bonds between atoms.

What is energy density?

The amount of energy stored in a given system or region of space per unit volume.

What is the principle of moments?

For a system in equilibrium, the sum of clockwise moments equals the sum of counterclockwise moments.

What factors affect kinetic energy?

Mass and velocity of the object.

How do you calculate kinetic energy?

Kinetic energy (KE) = 0.5 × mass (m) × velocity² (v²).

What is work?

The energy transferred to an object when a force is applied over a distance.

What is the work done formula?

Work done (W) = Force (F) × Distance (d).

What is heat energy?

Energy that is transferred between systems as a result of temperature difference.

What are fossil fuels?

Non-renewable energy sources formed from ancient organic matter.

What is a heat engine?

A device that converts thermal energy into mechanical work.

What is the specific heat capacity?

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C.

What is conduction?

The transfer of heat through direct contact between materials.

What is convection?

The transfer of heat by the movement of fluid (liquid or gas).

What is radiation?

The transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves.

What is insulation?

Materials or methods used to reduce heat transfer.

What is energy efficiency?

A measure of how much input energy is converted into useful output energy.

What are biofuels?

Fuels derived from organic materials, often considered renewable.

What is a solar cell?

A device that converts sunlight directly into electricity.

What is wind energy?

Energy harnessed from the wind using turbines.

What is geothermal energy?

Energy obtained from the heat stored beneath the Earth's surface.

What is hydroelectric energy?

Energy generated from the movement of water.

What is the carbon footprint?

The total amount of greenhouse gases produced by human activities.

What is nuclear energy?

Energy released during nuclear reactions, such as fission or fusion.

What are the units of power?

Watts (W), where 1 W = 1 J/s.

What are the environmental impacts of energy production?

Effects on air quality, water resources, and biodiversity.

What are the benefits of renewable energy?

Sustainable, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and less environmental impact.

What is energy conservation?

The practice of reducing energy consumption.

What is a non-renewable resource?

A resource that cannot be replaced in a human timescale.

What is thermal conductivity?

A measure of a material's ability to conduct heat.

What is energy auditing?

The process of evaluating energy usage and identifying efficiency measures.

What is a sustainable energy source?

An energy source that can be replenished naturally and does not diminish over time.