Globalization and Identity

globalization

• process that is making the worlds citizens increasingly connected and interdependent

• transfer of goods/culture

Global village

• the world is closely connected

• people from different parts of the world are like neighbors

Supranational

• involves or exists above national governments

• referring to organizations or agreements including multiple countries

Sovereignty

country governing itself without interference from other nations

Individual identity

traits that make up who a person is and how they see themselves

Collective identity

• shared sense of belonging and common characteristics that unite a group

• combination of values, view of history, language

Developed nation

a country with

• high standard of living

• advanced infrastructure

• strong economy

Developing nation

a country with

• lower living standards

• less advanced infrastructure

• developing economy

Exporting

selling things a country makes to other countries

Importing

buying things from other countries

Trade

exchange of goods and services between countries or within a country

Transnational Corporations

• big companies based in one country that operate in many countries

• offer low-skill-level jobs and training for low wages

Outsourcing

• when a company hires another company in another country to do some of its work

• reduce cost

Media Concentration

• a few big companies own a lot of media outlets - more control

• ex: newspapers and TV stations

criteria for globalized

• multiple countries

• interactions/interdependence that are complex (affects society)

• supernational implications (reduce independence)

society

group of people who form an ordered community centered on

• kinship

• religion

• ideology

• particular worldview

• language

economic development

• values

• education

• technology

• capital

• history

• health care

• political

• geography

exporting and importing

• simplest form of global integration

• Globalization has reinvented the way companies operate in our world

affects political decision-making

• political pressure

• international agreements

• membership in international organizations

• peacekeeping and humanitarian aid

Globalization’s Effect on the Environment

• habitat destruction - infastructure

• increased emissions - transport

• increased awareness - connectivity

banana case study

• political - three main transnational corporations - main exporter: Ecuador

• economic - cheap due to cheap labor and excess growth

• environmental - habitat destruction, decreased biodiversity, chemicals

• social - low wages, unsafe work, indigenous plants/animals displaced

four forces of globalization

• Trade

• Transportation

• Technology Communication

• Media

transportation

• Essential for trade

• quickened the pace of globalization

containerization

• using standardized containers to pack and ship products

• simplifying logistics processes

• reducing costs

technology

• workers can now interact and collaborate

• speed merger between developed and developing world

• large effect on culture, society, economics, politics

media

• facilitating cultural exchange and flow of information between countries

• media from the west

• lead to homogenization/heterogenization

Media Convergence and Media Concentration

reduce diversity

Urbanization

• increasing population concentration in cities

• lead to growth and development of urban areas

• people move to cities for strong economy and jobs

Cosmopolitan

• a person, place, or culture that is globally oriented

• open to different influences

Pluralism

acceptance/coexistence of different

• groups

• ideologies

• cultures

within a society or community

Francophone

• use French as their primary language

• associated with French-speaking cultures

• important to keep culture alive through generations

Multiculturalism

• social understanding that recognizes and values cultural diversity

• promoting coexistence of various cultural groups within a society

Bilingualism

ability to speak/understand two languages fluently

Cultural Homogenization

• everything’s the same

• diverse cultural elements blend into a uniform cultural expression

• accepts same values, norms, pop culture

Cultural Exchange

• mutual sharing of cultural elements, ideas, and traditions between different groups

• fosters understanding

Cultural Appropriation

• taking elements in a culture without proper understanding or respect

• create stereotype

Cultural Appreciation

• recognizing/valuing aspects of another culture without appropriation

• respect, understanding, desire to learn

Assimilation

• adopting the cultural traits of another

• erasing own culture

Acculturation

• exchange and blending of cultural elements when two or more cultures come into continuous contact

• influencing each other over time

Accommodation

• adapting or adjusting cultural practices

• coexistence and understanding between different groups

Marginalization

• certain individuals or groups are unimportant/powerless

• limiting access to resources, opportunities, representation

Cultural Revitalization

intentional effort to restore/strengthen aspects of a culture that may be at risk of decline/loss

Integration

• blending of individuals or groups into a larger society

• allowing for the coexistence of diverse cultures while maintaining a sense of belonging

metropolises

• large cities

• people move due to jobs and economy

pluralistic society

A society that has and values diverse social and cultural groups

metis

• mix of european and first nation

• cultural hybridization

struggle of Lubicon Cree

• Lubicon Cree did not sign treaty 8, hence lived traditionally

• Canada built oil reserves on their land, impacting their way of life

Hmong

• displaced in Vietnam war

• change their traditions to fit American standards

Identity and Language

• framing perspective of the world

• express/give common meaning to experiences

official bilingualism in Canada

• french and english

• used in federal government

• recognize contribution due to colonialism

• equal status

protecting language

• minority language form organizations

• affirm collective identity

• protect/affirm rights

The Maori Art of Ta Moko

• carve designs into skin

• europeans attempted suppress it

• today they try to reclaim

cultural borrowing

• Taking ideas, customs, and social behaviours from another culture or civilization

• applying them in similar ways in ways that enhance society

assimilation causes

• social pressure

• convenience

• presecution

Affirmation of identity

celebrate cultural differences that are apart of an identity

Dimensions of globalization

• politics

• economics

• environmental

• social

Popular Culture

Mainstream cultural practices and phenomena within a society

Hybridization

Blending different cultural elements to create something new

Media Transnationals

• global corporations in the media sector

• producing, distributing, and broadcasting content across two or more countries

National Media

• Media produced and consumed within a specific country

• funded by taxpayers

• keep citizens informed of issues within the nation

Media Consolidation

• Concentration of media ownership into fewer entities

• result of merging companies

Media Convergence

• merging of different forms of media into a unified platform or experience

• enabled by technological advancements

CBC/SRC

• national public broadcaster of Canada

• provide media in English and French

• CBC - english

• SRC - french

Social Media

• Online platforms/websites

• create, share, interact with content and connect with others

Streaming Media

• Content delivered from their own platform for immediate consumption

• bypass traditional distributors

9/11

• airplane hijakings and sucide attacks committed by 19 terrosists apart of al-Qeada

• implementation of more security

• different nations responded with sympathy and help

• middle eastern cultures were harrassed

Universalization of Popular Culture

• global spread of popular culture across borders

• media transnationals producing most media

• consumed by world -less diverse cultural perspectives

digital divide

• gap between nations that have access to modern information and nations who do not

• discrimination

• isolation

• barries to knowledge

Canadian broadcasting

• communications/technology to connect diverse groups in Canada

• CBC/SRC

Regional and Cultural Perspectives

• privately owned networks operate in Canada with the support of the federal government

• minimum amount of Canadian content required by CRTC

crtc

• broadcasters must show a minimum amount of Canadian produced content

• regulates and supervises broadcasting

• access to a world-class communication system

• addresses needs of linguistic minority - reflect biligualism

cancon

• radio

• streaming/broadcasting

• music

• film/tv

Hybridization of Cultures and Identities

• blending media resulting in cross-cultural consumption and new modes of expression

• many different forms