Information systems BLOQUE 1

What is the Information society?

A model where ICTs are used to create, process and distribute data across all sectors of society.

What is science?

Science is the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behaviour of the world through observation and experiment.

What is technology?

Means for using scientific discoveries for practical purposes, especially in industry.

What does Technology include?

theories, methods, techniques, artefacts…

What is engineering? 

Engineering is the branch of science and technology concerned with the design, building and use of engines, machines and structures.

What is an engineer?

Is a person whose job is to design and build engines, machines and structures. They also need to analyse before, and control and fix everything in a systematic way.

What is computer science?

Computer science is the study of the principles and use of computers

What are the components of ICT

Cloud computing, software, hardware, digital transactions, communication technology, digital data and internet access

What is a process?

A process is a series of actions that you take in order to achieve a result.

What is a project?

A project is a piece of planned work or an activity that is finished over a period of time and intended to achieve a particular purpose.

What's the relation between PROCESS and PROJECT?

Many processes form one project.

What is abstraction?

Abstraction is the act of removing or separating something from a place or context, focusing only on essentials.

What's the purpose of abstraction?

Its purpose is to simplify complex things, focusing only on the essentials.

How can we abstract something?

Via classification, aggregation, generalization, association and more.

What is a model?

A model is an abstract or approximate representation of some part of the reality.

For what do we use models?

For analysis, design, calculation, prediction and more.

What's the relation between abstraction and models?

Abstraction is used to create models

What is data?

Data consists of facts or numbers that have, in some way, their own independent existence.

What's a key characteristic of data?

In isolation, data isn't relevant or irrelevant, but it's necessary to process it.

What is information?

Information is a set of processed data with meaning and endowed with relevance and purpose.

Key characteristic of information

It can be understood and interpreted by the receptor.

What is a system?

A set of things working together as parts of a mechanism or an interconnecting network.

What are the elements of a system?

Input, transformation, output, control, purpose.

What is the structure of a system?

Its structure is how its components are arranged and its inputs and outputs.

What is a service?

A service is a work that someone or something does, or the time that someone or something spends working for an organization.

What is a product?

Something that is made to be sold or used, usually something that is produced by an industrial process

What is knowledge?

Knowledge is the understanding of a set of information and the ways in which it can become useful to perform a task or make a decision.

What is an information system?

Is a system designed to collect, store, process and distribute information about the state of its environment and to support the operations, management and decision making of the organization of which it is part and to which it serves.

What are the functions of an Information system?

Memory function, informative function and active function

What is the memory function?

Is the function to maintain an internal representation of the state of a domain.

What is the informative function?

Is the function that provides users with information about the state of a domain.

What is the active function?

Is the function that performs actions that change the representation of the state of a domain.

What are the modes of an information system?

On request and autonomous

What is the on request mode?

Is when an information system performs a function as a response to a user request.

What is the autonomous mode?

Is when an information system performs a function on its own, without user request.

What is data process?

Is the series of steps we need to convert data into an appropriate or useful format.

What are the steps of data process?

Data input, Data validation, Data sorting, Data processing, Data storage, Data output, Data control.

What is data quality?

The degree in which data satisfy previously defined requirements. What are the 7 characteristics that make information useful?

What is the difference between misinformation and disinformation?

Misinformation: you think it's true, but it's not. Disinformation: you know it's not true, but you say it anyway. What is Noise (in information terms)?

What are Primary Activities in the Value Chain?

Activities directly involved in the physical creation and selling of the enterprise's products, creating value from inputs. What's an e-BUSINESS?

What is IaaS?

A cloud service where the provider supplies essential computing resources on demand. What is PaaS?

What is BPMN?

Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) is the global standard for business process modelling. It uses graphical symbols (similar to flowcharts) to bridge the gap between business design and technical implementation.

What is a Class Diagram?

A static structure diagram used to specify data structures for an Information System. It identifies the "classes" of data an organization needs to manage.