Ethnicity and Criminalisation

Disproportionality in the prison population

Black people make up 3% of the population but 13.1% of the prison population.

Victim Survey

A survey that asks individuals about crimes they have been victims of, often noting the ethnicity of offenders.

Limitations of Victim Surveys

Victim surveys rely on memory, cover only personal crimes, exclude young children, and do not account for corporate crimes.

Self-report studies

Studies that ask individuals to disclose their own dishonest and violent behavior.

Institutional racism

A form of racism expressed in the practice of social and political institutions.

Stop and search

A police practice where individuals can be stopped and searched based on reasonable suspicion of wrongdoing.

Sentencing disparities

Differences in imprisonment rates and lengths of sentences among racial or ethnic groups.

Ethnic Crime Statistics

Stats indicating that Black and Asian individuals often receive longer sentences despite being less likely to be found guilty.

Pre-sentence reports

Reports by probation officers assessing an offender's risk which can influence sentencing.