ethnic differences in education

palmer

found from a study that half of the children from minority ethinc backgrounds live in low income households

rex

describes racial dsicrimination led to social exclusion and how this worsens poverty faced by minorty ethnic groups

wood et al study

send 3 closely matched job applications to almost 1000 job vacancies - the applicants name they used were name associated with ethnic groups for 2 of the applicants and one typically white name

wood et al findings

only 1 in 16 minority applications were offered an interview and 1 in 9 in white applications

Gillborn and Youdell

found that teachers were quicker to discipline black pupils than others for the same behaviour

Archer

describes how teachers dominant discourse constructs three individual pupil identities

ma and ghaill

they studied black and Asian a level students, and they discovered that students who believed teachers has labelled the negatively did not entirely accept the label

fuller

studied a group of black year 11 girls - fuller described that instead of accepting negative stereotypes of themselves the girls channelled their anger into their studies and resulted in success

mirza

found that teachers discouraged black girls from ambition through the advice they gave them about careers and option choices

Sewell 4 types of response to labelling

conformist, retreatists, innovators and the rebels

critical race theory - gillborn

this theory sees racism as an ingrained feature of society

marketisation and segregation - Gillborn

he argues that marketisation gives schools more availability to select pupils, it can allow negative stereotypes to influence decisions about school administration

assessments - gillborn

argues that the assessment game is rigged to validate the dominant cultures superiority