Patient Care Infection Control

Which two of the following principles should be followed when working with a sterile field?

1. Avoid reaching across a sterile field

2. Minimize the distance between the physician and yourself to reduce the likelihood of dropping an item

3. Never turn your back on a sterile field

4. Set up sterile trays first thing in the morning

1. Avoid reaching across a sterile field

2. Never turn your back on a sterile field

Which two of the following would require a patient to be placed in reverse isolation?

1. Bacterial meningitis

2. Bone marrow transplant

3. Hepatitis B

4. Third-degree burns

1. Bone marrow transplant

1. Third-degree burns

What is the complete destruction and removal of pathogenic microorganisms in the environment called?

Surgical asepsis

What is a set of procedures used to create and maintain a sterile environment called?

Surgical asepsis

Patients with known contagious illnesses are separated from others in the hospital using what precautions?

Transmission based precautions

What must be worn when entering the room of a patient in droplet isolation?

Standard mask

What is the primary means of transmission for Hepatitis B?

Blood or bodily fluid

How wide is the border on a sterile field that is non-sterile and considered safe to touch?

1 inch

In what direction should a technologist open the top flap of a sterile tray?

Away from the technologist

A patient with an infectious microorganism that can be transmitted in dust particles, such as measles, might be placed in an isolation room with what type of precautions?

Airborne

Which of the following is required for all pathogens to survive?

1. Host

2. Sterile environment

3. Mode of transmission

4. Oxygen

Host

A patient who has been diagnosed with active TB requires what type of precaution to be taken by healthcare providers?

Airborne

A contaminated object, such as a Foley catheter, acting as a source of disease transmission, is called

1. Fomite

2. Host

3. Parasite

4. Vector

Fomite

What is an object that has been in contact with pathogenic organisms?

Fomite

What is an organism that carries an infection or is at risk of infection?

Host

What is an organism that lives in or on an organism of another species and benefits by deriving nutrients at another’s expense called?

Parasite

Which two of the following are considered methods of classification for bacteria?

1. Oxygen requirement

2. Capsid structure

3. Shape

4. Mode of replication

1. Oxygen requirement

1. Shape

What term describes the process of removing pathogenic microorganisms, except bacterial spores, on inanimate objects?

Disinfection

Which of the following is true regarding fungi?

1. Cells are protected by a membrane and thick cell wall

2. Only consist of a single cell

3. Made of a piece of genetic code

4. Behave like small animals

1. Cells are protected by a membrane and thick cell wall

Which of the following is the most common method of sterilization in healthcare?

1. Antiseptic wash

2. Bleach

3. Steam heat

4. Washing with soapy water

1. Steam heat

Based on standard precautions, which three of the following are types of transmission based precautions?

1. Acid fast bacteria

2. Airborne

3. Contact

4. Drainage

5. Droplet

1. Airborne

1. Contact

1. Droplet

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in order to be in compliance with medical aseptic standards, what is the minimal time for effective hand washing?

At least 20 seconds

What type of disease transmission occurs when the host inhales infectious particles that have been stirred up in a dusty room?

Airborne

The bloodstream is a common site for nosocomial infections. Which of the following is the most common cause of a nosocomial infection related to the vascular system?

1. Coronary ateriography

2. Patient age

3. Poor care of an indwelling vascular access device

4. Starting an IV in the medical imaging department

1. Poor care of an indwelling vascular access device

What is the most common means of spreading infection?

Human hands

An inpatient develops a bloodstream infection that is determined to be caused by their central line. This would be classified as what type of infection?

Nosocomial

What is an infection acquired in a hospital called?

Nosocomial

What two items of PPE should be worn by a technologist before entering a contact isolation room?

Disposable gloves

Disposable gown

The elimination of all microorganisms from an object is termed?

Sterilization

The inhibition of the growth and multiplication by an antiseptic, typically on the skin, is termed?

Antisepsis

What is the process of using chemicals to kill germs on surfaces?

Disinfection

What is a set of practices that aim to reduce the number of microorganisms and prevent their spread in healthcare settings and the community called?

Medical asepsis

Which two of the following diseases could be transferred by a vector?

1. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

2. Lyme disease

3. Malaria

4. Syphilis

1. Lyme disease

   1. Malaria

Which of the following is considered an indirect method of disease transmission?

1. Food or drinking water

2. Maternal-fetal

3. Droplet

4. Kissing

1. Food or drinking water

When interacting with a patient in airborne infection isolation, the healthcare worker should wear which type of PPE mask?

N95 respirator

A patient with pertussis or influenza needing transmission-based precautions would most likely be placed in which of the following?

1. Airborne infection isolation

2. Contact precaution isolation

3. Droplet precaution isolation

4. Reverse isolation

1. Droplet precaution isolation

Which two of the following are accurate guidelines for cleaning contaminated surfaces?

1. Clean from least contaminated to most contaminated

2. Clean from most contaminated to least contaminated

3. Clean from the bottom to the top

4. Clean from the top to the bottom

1. Clean from least contaminated to most contaminated

1. Clean from the top to the bottom

Which two of the following are characteristics of microorganisms?

1. Single celled

2. Non-living

3. Colonizing

4. Visible to the naked eye

1. Single celled

1. Colonizing

When must a technologist use infection control measures that include blood and body fluid precautions?

For every patient

What precautions were enacted to decrease the risk of transmitting infectious microorganisms, which is accomplished by treating all body fluids and every patient as if potentially infectious?

Standard precautions

Which type of isolation or precautions may be used for patients who are highly susceptible to becoming infected, such as those who have been diagnosed with leukemia?

Reverse isolation

What is the primary means of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Blood

Which two of the following precautions should be used for a patient with a known case of varicella?

1. Airborne

2. Droplet

3. Contact

4. Reverse

1. Airborne

1. Contact

(T/F) A needle should be recapped before disposing of it into the designated sharps container.

False

If a technologist touches a MRSA-affected area on a patient without using PPE and later develops an infectious lesion on the hands, which of the following methods of transmission occurred?

1. Airborne contact

2. Direct contact

3. Fomite, indirect

4. Vector, direct

1. Direct contact