Canada in the 1950s and 1960s

Vocabulary flashcards focusing on the demographic growth, immigration trends, infrastructure, and social movements in Canada during the 1950s and 1960s.

Baby-boom

An unprecedented population explosion after the Second World War where young couples married in large numbers and families averaged three to four children.

War brides

Women who followed their husbands to settle in Canada after the war.

Skilled British workers

Immigrants who established themselves in Canada after losing their factories during the war.

Refugees

Individuals whose homes were destroyed and lived in camps, arriving in Canada ready to work and searching for a better life.

Visible minorities

Groups that faced a resurgence of old prejudices and discrimination as they immigrated to Canada.

Commonwealth immigration

A shift in Canada's search for immigrants in the late 1950s toward South Asia, the Caribbean, Africa, and Latin America as European immigration decreased.

Suburbs

Neighborhoods composed of individual houses that began to appear during the baby-boom era.

401 and 400

The east-west and north-of-Toronto highways constructed as the automobile replaced the train as the primary means of transport.

Queen Elizabeth Way

The highway that connects Toronto to Hamilton.

Adolescence

A life stage that became a distinct step of human development, leading to the creation of recreational centers, drive-ins, and targeted advertising for music and books.

Hippies

A group forming a "counter-culture" that rejected the established order and the values of the previous generation, leading to a conflict of generations.

Counter-culture values

The promotion of personal freedom and social change, including open discussion of sexuality.

Vietnam War and nuclear weapons

The primary subjects of protests and demonstrations by the youth and hippies during the 1960s.

Tie-dye t-shirts

A specific style of clothing (t-shirts teints par nouage) worn by hippies, along with old jeans, sandals, and long hair.