FCS 308 Advanced Nutrition: Micronutrients - Iron

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts related to iron and its role in nutrition.

Iron

A trace mineral vital for the production of hemoglobin, myoglobin, and numerous enzymes.

Hemoglobin

A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body.

Ferric Iron (Fe3+)

The oxidized form of iron, not readily absorbed in the body.

Ferrous Iron (Fe2+)

The reduced form of iron, more easily absorbed by the body.

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for Iron

8 mg for boys and men, 11 mg for boys aged 14-18, 8 mg for girls and women over 50, and 18 mg for women aged 19-50.

Heme Iron

Iron that is derived from hemoglobin and myoglobin found in animal products, readily absorbed.

Non-Heme Iron

Iron found in plant-based foods and supplements; less readily absorbed than heme iron.

Enhancers of Non-Heme Iron Absorption

Substances such as vitamin C, meat, and certain sugars that improve the absorption of non-heme iron.

Inhibitors of Non-Heme Iron Absorption

Compounds such as polyphenols, oxalic acid, and phytic acid that decrease the absorption of non-heme iron.

Transferrin

A protein that transports iron in the bloodstream.

Ferritin

A protein that stores iron in the cells.

Iron Deficiency Anemia

A condition characterized by a lack of sufficient iron, leading to reduced hemoglobin levels in red blood cells.

Erythropoietin (EPO)

A hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells.

Hemosiderin

An iron-storage complex in the body, generally found in conditions of iron overload.

Hepcidin

A hormone produced by the liver that regulates iron homeostasis by inhibiting iron absorption and release.

Acute Iron Toxicity

A potentially lethal condition from iron overdose causing damage due to unbound iron generating free radicals.

Iron Overload (Hemochromatosis)

A genetic disorder leading to excessive iron absorption, causing organ damage.

Copper Deficiency

A lack of copper that may result in impaired iron metabolism and transport.

Vitamin C

A vitamin that enhances iron absorption and maintains iron in its reduced ferrous form.