B2 Cell Structure and functions

Nucleus

Contains genetic material and controls the cell activity

Cytoplasm

A jellylike fluid that contains the cell organelle and it is where metabolic reactions takes place

Mitochondria

The powerhouse of the cell that provide the cell with energy to through respiration

Ribosomes

Where protein synthesis takes place

Cell membrane

very thin layer that surround the cytoplasm and control substance moving in and out of the cell

Cell walls

Strong layers around the cells made of cellulose fully permeable, provide structural support, protection

Vacuole

Stores sugar, water, mineral ions and other nutrients

Vesicles

a very small vacuole found in animal cells

Chloroplast

site for photosynthesis, contain chlorophyll that absorb sunlight

Cicular DNA

Contains genetic material of bacteria cells

Plasmids

Small circular DNA molecules in bacteria. Contain extra genes

e.g antibiotic resistance

Flagellum

Long hexical tubes, Helps with movement of the cell

Adv cell capsule

Thick layer above surrounding the cell walls, made of polysaccharides and protect them from hostile attacks