Aviation Exam

Airframe

The structure of an aircraft that supports its components and withstands aerodynamic forces.

Composite Airframes

Utilize materials like carbon fiber and fiberglass for high strength-to-weight ratios.

Ribs

Structural components that provide shape and support for the airframe skin.

Rivets

Metal mechanical fasteners used to hold structural components together in aircraft.

Stringers

Components that provide structural integrity and support the skin of the aircraft.

Monocoque Structure

A structure that relies on the external skin to support most of the load.

Longerons

Longitudinal members in a truss design that provide structural support.

Air-cooled Engines

Engines prevalent in general aviation due to their simple design and effectiveness.

Run-up Check

A pre-flight check where RPM drop indicates magneto performance.

Piston Cycle

Complete sequence of events required to produce power, typically spanning two or four strokes

Piston Engine Strokes

intake, compression, power, and exhaust.

Spark Plug Timing

The spark plug fires just before the piston reaches top dead center.

Exhaust Stroke Valves

Typically, the exhaust valve opens while the intake valve remains closed.

Cooling Methods in Aircraft

Include installing fins on cylinders, using an oil cooler, and directed airflow.

Magneto System Disadvantages

is that the engine stops running if the magneto fails.

Dual Ignition

Two separate spark plugs are fired in each cylinder and driven by its own magneto

Mixture

regulates the fuel-to-air ratio by volume.

Carburetor Heat

Used during taxiing to prevent ice formation in low throttle settings.

Critical Contamination affects

Frost, snow, or ice that affects lift and stall characteristics.

Ice Accumulation stall

Increases stall speed and decreases stall angle of attack.

Clean Aircraft Concept

Mandates that surface contamination must be removed before takeoff.

Danger of Ice Accumulation

Affects lift and control more than simple weight increase.

Examples of Critical Surfaces

wings or rotors, propellers, control surfaces, and tail and stabilizers

Bernoulli's Principle: that when air is forced through a pipe that gradually constricts that the air traveled faster in the constricted section of the pipe and that the air pressure was found to be

less than the pressure at both ends of the pipe.

Differential Pressure Lift Generation

Described by Bernoulli's principle, crucial for flight mechanics.

Newton's Third Law of Lift

Air being deflected downward by a wing causing an opposite reaction.

Example of Bernoulli's Principle

A truck passing you on your bicycle causing you to be deflected toward it.

Example of Newton's Third Law

Stepping from a boat to a dock causes the boat to move away from the dock.

Fuel Type Color Code (80, Juet fuel, MOGAs, 100/130, 100LL)

80 (red), MOGAS (yellow), Jet Fuel (clear), 100/130 (green), 100LL (blue).

Incorrect Octane Rating Statement

Using the next higher grade of fuel may cause detonation.

Component Burning Slowly

Octane, which resists knocking during combustion.

The weight of 120 litres of AVGAS at -20°C is

198 lb.

Higher Octane Fuel Result

fouling of the spark plugs. 

Preventing Condensation in Tanks

Fill each fuel tank after every flight.

Water in Fuel Sample

Sinks to the bottom of the sample of AVGAS.

Detonation Cause

Using a fuel octane rating that is too low.

Symptoms of Rapid Combustion and Name

Including loss of power, overheating, and damage. Detonation

Fuel Vent Blockage Result

fuel starvation.

Fuel Gauges Reliability

Not always reliable; should use other means to confirm fuel levels.

Minimizing Fuel Handling Dangers

Attaching a ground wire, Touching the fuel nozzle, Stopping fueling before contact breaks,

Bonding Requirement During Refueling from Fuel Drums

Necessary to prevent static sparks igniting vapors.

Lift Definition

perpendicular to the relative airflow.

Drag Definition

chord of the wing and in the same direction.

Parasite Drag Forms

Include interference drag, skin drag, and form drag

Interference Drag Definition

The type of drag caused by the effect of one part on another.

Shape of Object Resisting Motion Describes

Describes form drag,

Best Performance Determinants of an Airplane

Pitch and power setting.

Aircraft Speed Effects on Drag

Parasite drag increases with speed.

Weight Definition

The force acting vertically due to gravity.

Straight and Level Flight Requirement

Thrust must equal drag

What’s Octane?

a measure of a fuel's ability to withstand compression in an engine without detonating

Name 1

Engine

Name 2

Fuel Tank

Name 3

Right Alieron

Name 4

Radio Antenna

Name 5

Elevator Trim Tab

Name 6

Vertical Stab

Name 7

Beacon Flashing

Name 8

Rudder

Name 9

Elevator

Name 10

horizontal stab

Name 11

Flaps

Name 12

Navigation light

Name 13

Landing gear

Name 14

Fuselage

Name 15

Propeller

Composite construction is…

lighter than metal and can be just as strong or even stronger

Where does the turbocharger and the supercharger take power from?

power from the exhaust and power by being geared off the engine.

The vacuum pump is typically engine-driven, meaning…

it will stop providing suction to the instruments in the event of an engine failure.

The pilot notices that frost caused by cold-soaked fuel is sticking under the wings. The takeoff may

Takeoff may be carried out if it is conducted in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

According to Bernoulli as the velocity of a fluid increases the pressure

the pressure of the fluid decreases

Running an engine with the mixture set too lean may cause

rough engine operation.

overheating.

back firing