basketball

James Naismith in 1891

Basketball is built into the fabric of Springfield College. The game was invented by Springfield College

instructor and graduate student ____, and has grown into the worldwide athletic

phenomenon we know it to be today.

James Naismith

(Born November 6, 1861,

Almonte, Ontario, Canada

died November 28, 1939, Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.)

duck on a rock

Naismith decided to invent a game of skill, finesse, and accuracy, rather than one that relied on pure

strength. He was inspired by a game he had played as a child called “____," in which players

lob a small rock at a "duck" placed on top of a large rock in an attempt to knock the "duck" off.

Basketball

____ is a sport where two teams compete to score the most points, with the objective of shooting a

ball into a hoop to gain points.

True

The game is played on a rectangular court with a hoop on each end. Players move the ball up the court

by passing or bouncing it while walking or running. They score two points for shooting the ball into the hoop,

or three points if they shoot it behind the three-point-line. There are players for each team in a basketball court

at a time, with around seven substitutes per team on the bench

91.86ft long and 49.21ft wide.

AT IS THE SIZE OF BASKETBALL COURT?

A basketball court is ____

Basics of dribbling a basketball

1. Use your fingers instead of your palm. You will find

it easiest to control the basketball if you hold it with

the tips of your fingers. ...

2. Keep your knees bent. ...

3. Your back should be straight. ...

4. Keep your eyes up. ...

5. Dribble the ball below the waist or knees.

4 Basic Types of Dribbles:

 Control Dribble.

 Power Dribble.

 Speed Dribble.

 Crossover Dribble.

TYPES OF PASSES

There are essentially two types of passes:

 Air Pass - The pass travels between players without hitting the floor.

 Bounce Passes - The pass is thrown to the floor so that it bounces to the intended receiver.

Air Pass

____ - The pass travels between players without hitting the floor.

Bounce Passes

- The pass is thrown to the floor so that it bounces to the intended receiver.

Basic Passes

1. CHEST PASS

- The chest pass is named so because the pass originates from the chest. It is thrown by gripping the ball on the sides

with the thumbs directly behind the ball.

2. BOUNCE PASS

- The bounce pass is thrown with the same motion however it is aimed at the floor. It should be

thrown far enough out that the ball bounces waist high to the receiver.

3. OVERHEAD PASS

- The overhead pass is often used as an outlet pass. Bring the ball directly above your forehead with

both hands on the side of the ball and follow through. Aim for the teammate's chin.

4. BASEBALL PASS

A baseball pass is a one-handed pass that uses the same motion as a baseball throw. This is often

used to make long passes. Be careful with young kids. You don't want them throw their arms out

CHEST PASS

- The chest pass is named so because the pass originates from the chest. It is thrown by gripping the ball on the sides

with the thumbs directly behind the ball.

BOUNCE PASS

- The ____ is thrown with the same motion however it is aimed at the floor. It should be

thrown far enough out that the ball bounces waist high to the receiver.

OVERHEAD PASS

- The ____ is often used as an outlet pass. Bring the ball directly above your forehead with

both hands on the side of the ball and follow through. Aim for the teammate's chin.

BASEBALL PASS

A ____ is a one-handed pass that uses the same motion as a baseball throw. This is often

used to make long passes. Be careful with young kids. You don't want them throw their arms out.

JUMP SHOT

- A is most frequently used for a mid to long-range shots, including shooting beyond the

arc.

HOOK SHOT

- A ____ is when the shot is made while your body is not directly facing the basket.

BANK SHOT

- A ____ is when any shot made where the ball hits the backboard before heading into the net

FREE THROW

- A ____ is a shot attempt given to a player that was fouled and it is taken on the free throw line.

The player must stay behind the free throw line when taking the shot.

LAYUP

- A ____ is a shot made from short range by a player moving towards the basket. Usually utilising the

backboard if he approaches the hoop from an angle. This is also one of the most basic and common

way of scoring a basket in the game.

SLAM DUNK

- The ___ is usually the most spectacular shot and is one of the toughest feats in basketball. It usually

requires more jumping ability than shooting skills.

basketball defense

A ____ refers to the defensive strategies, alignments, and positioning that a team uses to

prevent the opposing offense from scoring baskets. In basketball, good defense requires quickness,

footwork, and a deep understanding of the fundamentals.

MAN-TO-MAN DEFENSE

is a defensive formation in which a coach assigns each

player on the line-up a specific offensive player to follow and defend on the court. For example, a small

forward will guard a small forward in this defense.

ZONE DEFENSE

: is a defensive formation in which a coach assigns each player to cover a

specific area of the court. In a zone scheme, a defender begins to guard an opponent when the opponent enters

the defender's designated zone.

COMBINATION DEFENSE

: A (also called a junk defense) is a combination of man-

to-man and zone defensive schemes.

FULL-COURT PRESS DEFENSE

: A ____ is a defensive strategy where the defense applies

constant pressure to the offensive team across the entire length of the court, beginning with the initial inbound

pass (also called a throw-in).

HALF-COURT PRESS DEFENSE

: A ____ is a defensive strategy where the defense applies

pressure to the offense as soon as they begin to dribble or pass the ball over the half-court line.

THE BASELINES (END LINES)

–it is located at the end of the court. The baseline denote inbounds and

out of bounds on each side of the court. If the ball goes out of bounds across the baselines, players will stand

behind the baseline and to the side of the background to inbound the ball.

SIDELINES

- on the side of the court are the sidelines. Like the baselines, the sidelines mark the boundaries

between inbounds and out of bounds. If a player steps on these lines or crosses them, he is out of bounds.

BOUNDERIES LINES

–the sidelines and baselines make up the perimeter of a basketball court. Together,

they form the boundary lines dividing the court between inbounds and out of bounds. If the ball or a player in

possession of the ball touches any boundary line. They will be called out of bounds, and the ball will be given to

the opposing team.

FREE THROW LINE

–also called the foul line, is used by players during free thrown when a player is

fouled while in the shooting motion, after a technical or flagrant foul, or when a team is in the bonus. If awarded

a free throw, a player will stand behind the foul line and shoot an uncontested shot that is worth one point.

LANE LINES (PAINT OR KEY)

– are two lines that perpendicularly attach to the baselines and free thro

lines. The rectangular area created by the free throw line and two lane lines is usually painted and referred to as

either the “key” or the “paint”

MIDCOURT LINE (HALF-COURT LINE)

–it is located in the middle of the court and divides it equally

into two pieces. It is known as the half-court line. The midcourt line is used to equally divide the court and to

call backcourt violations, which happen when a team with possession crosses mid-court and brings back into

their side of the court with =out the other team touching it.

THREE POINT LINE

–three-point arc, surrounds each team’s basket. It is used to determine how many

points a field goal is worth. If a shot is taken outside the three-point line and goes into the basket, a team will

earn three points.

The radius of the three-point line

The radius of the three-point line at each level of basketball as follows:-

NBA: 23 feet, 9 inches

- FIBA, WNBA, & College: 22 feet. 2 inches

- High School: 19 feet, 9 inches

THE RESTRICTED AREA

- in this area, offensive charging fouls are not called. A defender inside or

on the restricted are is not considered a legal guarding position and cannot draw a charging foul from

their opponen

THE HASH MARK

- are small lines connected to the lane lines. They run in rows towards the basket

on either side of the free throw line. These lines denote where the non-shooting players should stand

during a free throw.

True

Basketball has many rules to keep competition fair and players safe. When a player breaks a minor rule, it is

called a violation.

Breaking a more serious rule is called a foul. Find a complete list of all types of fouls in

basketball.

foul

A ___ in basketball is a rule-breaking action that result in a loss of possession and possible free throws.

PERSONAL FOULS

: a foul that is physical in nature, like grabbing and pushing.

FLAGRANT FOULS

___: a foul that involves extraordinary violent contact with an opposing player or

dangerous, non-basketball play.

TECHNICAL FOULS

: a foul that is unsportsmanlike, including screaming at the referee or an

opponent.

True

In the NBA, if a player commits six fouls in a game, they are disqualified from playing in the rest of the game.

Players can also foul out FIBA and college basketball, but the foul limit is five fouls.

REFEREES

The ___ in basketball are responsible for calling fouls and violations throughout the game.

CREW CHIEF

The ____ in the head official and makes the final decisions on the court.

True

FOULS are different from rule violations. A foul counts towards a players or team’s overall foul count,

while a rule violation will typically only result in a turnover. Violations such as shot clock violations, three-

second violations, and traveling do not count as fouls.

BLOCKING FOUL

– is an illegal act that will be called on a defensive player who does not get into

position in time prior to the dibbler moving in that direction

CHARGING FOUL

– is called on the dribbler if he collides with a defensive player who has established

a legal position on his way to the basket.

DEFENSIVE FOUL

– is committed by a defensive player. There are three main types of fouls: personal,

technical, and flagrant fouls. Any of these fouls can be committed by a player on defense, but the term

“defensive foul” is usually reserved for personal fouls by a player on defense.

DOUBLE FOUL

–is a situation in which two opponents commit personal fouls against each other at

approximately the same time. In the case of a double foul, fouls are recorded, no free throws are awarded, and

play shall resume at the point of interruption.

FLAGRANT FOUL

– is a foul assessed to any player who makes unnecessary, unsportsmanlike, or

excessive contact with another player.

ILLEGAL SCREEN FOUL

–is a penalty that occurs when the screener (the player who sets the screen) is

in violation of the rules for setting screens

INTENTIONAL FOUL

–is foul that is deemed to have been committed purposefully. Also known as “take”

fouls.

LOOSE BALL

–is a foul committed while both teams are contesting possession of the ball, or a foul of any

kind that is committed while the ball is loose.

OFFENSIVE FOULS

– the offending player is charged with a personal foul, but their team is not charged

with team foul.

- The most common offensive foul include charging, illegal screens and illegal contact.

PERSONAL FOUL

–is called on any player that makes illegal physical contact with another player on the

court using any part of their body to impede their movement.

REACH IN FOUL

– is when the defensive player "reaches in" and tries to steal the ball away from the

offensive player.

SHOOTING FOUL

– when a defensive player makes illegal physical contact with a player a shooting the

ball, they will be called for shooting foul. There are two different times when shooting fouls occur: during

three-proint shots and two-points shots.

TECHNICAL FOUL

– is the only type of foul that does not come from explicit physical contact of

opposing players during the game. Two technical fouls to an individual player or coach within a single game

warrants ejection from the rest of the game.

REFEREE

- The ___ enforces the rules of the game and in a game will make hundreds of decisions –

determining when a violation or foul occurs and then stopping the game to issue the correct penalty.

True

A basketball team can have a lot of players, but only five can play in a game at any one time. Players in a

basketball game have assigned basketball positions: center, power forward, small forward, point guard, and

shooting guard.

Center

 The ____ is the tallest player on each team, playing near the basket. On offense, the center tries to score

on close shots and rebound. But on defense, the center tries to block opponents’ shots and rebound their

misses

Power Forward

 The does many of the things a center does, playing near the basket while rebounding and

defending taller players. But power forwards also take longer shots than centers.

Small Forward

 The plays against small and large players. They roam all over on the court. Small forwards

can score from long shots and close ones.

Point Guard

 The ___ runs the offense and usually is the team’s best dribbler and passer. The point guard

defends the opponent’s point guard and tries to steal the ball.

Shooting Guard

 The ____ is usually the team’s best shooter. The shooting guard can make shots from long

distance and also is a good dribbler.