CVA Syndromes

What area of the body is most affected in ACA syndrome?

contralateral LE more than UE

hemiparesis and hemisensory loss primarily in LE

What motor deficits are seen in ACA syndrome?

contralateral hemiparesis (LE more than UE)

motor inaction

slowness and delayed movement initiation

What sensory deficits occur in ACA syndrome?

contralateral hemisensory loss (mainly LE)

What cognitive/behavioral changes are associated with ACA syndrome?

abulia (lack of motivation)

lack of spontaneity

slowness and delay in responses

What higher level motor impairments are seen in ACA syndrome?

apraxia

difficulty with imitation

impaired bimanual task performance

What reflexes may reappear in ACA syndrome?

contralateral grasp reflex

sucking reflex

What autonomic issue is commonly seen in ACA syndrome?

urinary incontinence

What motor and sensory deficits are seen in MCA syndrome?

contralateral hemiparesis and hemisensory loss (mainly UE)

What visual deficit is associated with MCA syndrome?

contralateral homonymous hemianopsia

What type of aphasia is associated with MCA syndrome?

Broca’s aphasia (expressive aphasia)

Wernicke’s aphasia (receptive aphasia)

What occurs if both Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas are affected in MCA syndrome?

global aphasia

What perceptual deficits are seen in MCA syndrome?

unilateral neglect

impaired depth perception

poor spatial relations

agnosia

What type of apraxia is associated with MCA syndrome?

limb kinetic apraxia

What gaze deficit is seen in MCA syndrome?

loss of conjugate gaze toward the opposite side (eyes deviate toward lesion)

What coordination deficit can occur with MCA syndrome?

ataxia of contralateral limb

What type of stroke subtype can present under MCA syndrome as a lacunar infarct?

pure motor hemiplegia

What visual field deficit is seen in PCA syndrome?

contralateral homonymous hemianopsia

What type of recognition deficit can occur with PCA syndrome?

visual agnosia

What is prosopagnosia in PCA syndrome?

inability to recognize faces

What spatial/navigation issue is associated with PCA syndrome?

topographic disorientation

What reading/writing deficit is characteristic of PCA syndrome?

dyslexia without agraphia (cannot read but can write)

What color related deficits can occur in PCA syndrome?

color anomia (difficulty naming colors)

impaired color discrimination

What cognitive deficit is associated with PCA syndrome?

memory deficits

What are the different territories of PCA syndrome?

peripheral

central