quiz one phys

this is the control mechnism that monitors the envrioment in a homeostatsis

receptor

anabolic reaction

building things up

catabolic reaction

breaking things down

what is the role of carbohydrates and lipids in the plasma membrane

cell communication and identification

what is the main form of carbohydrate in plants

starch

glycogen is the main source of carbohydrate storage in humans what carbohydrate can we not digest

cellulose

combination of glucose and fructose forms what

sucrose

combination of glucose and glucose forms what

maltose

combination of glucose and galactose forms what

lactose

what keeps fluidity in the cell membrane and build vitamin d

cholesterol

energy storage hormones transportation are functions of what macromolecule

lipids

fatty acids and glycerol are monomers of what 3:1

triglycerides

these have at least one double bond creating a kink in the hydrocarbon chain

unsaturated fats

these have more than on double bond in their hydrocarbon chain

polyunsaturated

the heads of the phospholipids are

hydrophilic and polar

these are signaling molecules derived from a 20 carbon fatty acid arachidonic acid

eicosanoids

mainlytranspotes like HDL and LDL

Lipoproteins

plasma membrane signaling and cell recognition

glycolipids

what is the most abundant protein in the body

collagen

an amino group, acid group and R group create what

amino acid

through dehydration synthesis the connection of an acid group to amine group forms a what

peptide bond

during hydrolysis which group pick up the OH-

Acid group

sequence of amino acids forms a polypeptide chain is

primary structure

if the primary structure begins to fold on its self its called

secondary structure (helix of DNA) or beta pleated sheet

when the beta pleated sheets or helix begin folded in on each other polar sides on the outside is called

tertiary structure/ globular protein

the combination of two globular protein

quaternary structure

catalyst

increase rate of reaction without being used up or changed

type of reaction where energy is used the end product of energy is less than what as started with

exergonic

what do enzymes do

by decreasing the activated energy required to cause a reaction by bring the reactants closer together

The process of building up large molecules from small components is a(n)

process.

anabolic

what cells in the body have no nucleus

erythrocytes (mature red blood cells)

intracellular contains what in the membrane

cytoplasm

extracellular contains what in plasma membrane

interstitial, plasma, muscus, saliva

these are communication cell junctions

gap junctions

the pressure of exerted on the cell membrane with increasing volume of water

hydrostatic pressure

a molecule is being pumped through a transported protein with ATP against concertation gradient

Primary active transport

mtrhis pump is important for muscle contraction nerve conduction secdonary active transporters

sodium potassium pump

antiporter

where things move in opposite directions

this is a combination of one uphill and one down hill movement against gradient

secondary active transport

endocytosis

brining things inside the cell through a vesicle

both of theses are created in the nuclueos

rRNA and ribosomes

adjacent cells joined by a line of membrane proteins that form an impermeable junction

tight junctions

adjacent cells held together by connexon proteins that form cylinder allowing ion flow between cells cytoplasm

gap junctions