CHAPTER 10 - The Respiratory System : Aashka Chokshi

What are the three functions of the Respiratory System?

Uptake of O2 blood and elimination of CO2, Vocalization, Olfaction

What are the five regions of the Respiratory system?

Nasal Cavities, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, and Lungs

What are the four paranasal sinuses?

Frontal, Ethmoid, Maxillary, Sphenoid

What is the function of sinuses?

Warm and humidify air

What are the nasolacrimal ducts?

Passage that drains tears from the eyes into the nose

What is the pharynx?

The throat

What is the nasopharynx?

Upper most part of the throat and connects the nasal cavity to the throat

What is the eustachian tube?

Connections the ear to the throat

What is the otitis media?

Middle of the ear

What is the larynx?

The voice box

What is the front portion of the larynx that sticks out called?

Adam’s apple

What is the laryngeal aperture?

An opening

What are the three laryngeal cartilages?

Epiglottis, thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage

What is the carcinoma of the larynx associated with?

Heavy smoking and heavy drinking

What is a laryngectomy?

Surgical removal of the larynx =

What is the trachea?

The Windpipe

What is the trachea made up of?

Tube extending from the cricoid cartilage to the primary Bronchi

What is a tracheotomy?

Surgical opening of the trachea

Where are the lungs located?

Above the clavicles down to the diaphragm

What is the hilium of the lung?

Base of the lung (Diaphragm)

What are the three large openings in the diaphragm?

Esophagus, Aorta, I.V.C. (Inferior Vena Cava)

How many lobes does the right lung have?

3

How many lobes does the left lung have?

2

What are alveoli?

Smallest functional unit of Lung

What is the visceral pleural membrane?

Covers the surface of each lung

What is the parietal pleural membrane?

Covers the inner wall of the thorax

What is the pleural cavity?

Fluid filled space between the pleural membrane

How does inhalation work?

Muscles contract and air is sucked into lungs

How does exhalation work?

Muscles relax and air is blown out

What is respiratory distress syndrome

Deficiency of pulmonary surfactant

What is pleurisy?

Inflammation of the pleural cavity

What is a pneumothorax?

Formation of an air pocket between the pleural membranes

What is a cold?

Viral infection of the upper respiratory tract

What is bronchitis?

Viral or bacterial infection of the lungs

What is pneumonia?

Inflammation of the lungs

What is tuberculosis?

Bacterial infection of the lungs

What is bronchial asthma?

An allergic reaction

What does pnea mean?

Breath