AP Human Geography

the full vocab for the entire year

Absolute Distance

refers to the exact measurement of the space between two places, typically represented in units such as miles or kilometers.

Relative Distance

refers to the measure of distance between two locations in terms of time, cost, or other factors that convey a sense of spatial relationship.

Barriers

distance, age, linguistic, physical, religious, political, folk, ethnic, social class, economic, regulatory factors that stop/hinders spread of goods, people or ideas.

Cartography

the study and practice of making maps, including the representation of spatial information and the design of map visuals.

Census data 

statistical data collected through a systematic survey of a population, often used to understand demographic trends, distributions, and changes.

Clustering

the arrangement of people, resources, or activities in a concentrated area, often influencing social, economic, or spatial interactions.

Concentration

arrangment of people in a small area.

Cultural hearth 

where a culture originated from

cultural landscape

the man-made effect of a culture on the landscape such as temples and churches

arithmetic density

people divided by land

physiological density

people divided by arable land

agricultural density

farmers divided by arable land

relocation diffusion

people moving to a different place and practicing their religion there ( doesn't necessarily increase the number of people practicing that religion)

expansion diffusion

spreading an idea/practice from the hearth outwards (adds more people)

hierarchical diffusion

goes from major cities to small cities

reverse hierarchical diffusion

goes from small cities to big cities

contagious diffusion

spreads outwards regardless of the importance of an area

stimulus diffusion

spread of the main idea but some things differ

dispersal