Refraction of waves: Waves in matter: Physics: GCSE (9:1)

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Last updated 12:17 AM on 6/7/26
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10 Terms

1
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Refraction

When light waves change direction at the boundary between two transparent materials

<p>When light waves change direction at the boundary between two transparent materials</p>
2
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Incident ray

The incoming ray that hits the boundary between the two materials

<p>The incoming ray that hits the boundary between the two materials</p>
3
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Angle of incidence

The angle between the incident ray and the normal line

<p>The angle between the incident ray and the normal line</p>
4
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Refracted ray

The ray that changes direction after passing through the boundary between the two materials

<p>The ray that changes direction after passing through the boundary between the two materials</p>
5
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Angle of refraction

The angle between the refracted ray and the normal line

<p>The angle between the refracted ray and the normal line</p>
6
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(higher-tier only)

Effect of density on the speed of a wave

The denser the transparent material, the more slowly the wave travels through it

7
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(higher-tier only)

What happens to speed when light enters a more dense material

The light ray slows down and bends towards the normal line

<p>The light ray slows down and bends towards the normal line</p>
8
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(higher-tier only)

What happens to speed when light enters a less dense material

The light ray speeds up and bends away from normal line

<p>The light ray speeds up and bends away from normal line</p>
9
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(higher-tier only)

Effect of density on the wavelength of a wave

The denser the transparent material, the more slowly the wave travels through it so the wavelength decreases

<p>The denser the transparent material, the more slowly the wave travels through it so the wavelength decreases</p>
10
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(higher-tier only)

Effect of density on the frequency of a wave

The frequency of a wave is unaffected