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Confucianism

Philosophy that aims to create harmony and order in society

Confucius (K'ung Fu-tzu)

Chinese philosopher who taught morality, education, and good relationships

100 Schools of Thought

Different Chinese philosophies, including Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism

Golden Rule in Confucianism

"Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself"

Junzi (Superior Man)

A person who is moral, respectful, self-controlled, and always tries to improve

Inferior Man

A person who focuses mainly on profit and blames others

Guanxi

Human relations

Five Relationships (Guanxi)

Parent-child, ruler-subject, husband-wife, older-younger, friend-friend

Ren

Kindness, empathy, and humanity toward others

Filiality

Respect and care for parents and elders

Li

Proper behaviour, manners, customs, and rituals

Rituals

Actions and customs that create order and respect in society

Self-Cultivation

Improving yourself before trying to improve society

Analects 1.1 (study and practice)

Learning is joyful when it is practiced and shared

Analects 7.8 (active learning)

True learning requires active effort from the student

Analects 5.15 (learning from inferiors)

A wise person is humble and learns from everyone, even people of lower status

Analects 13.3 (the correct word)

Clear language is necessary for well-ordered societ

Daoism

Philosophy that teaches living in harmony with nature and accepting change.

Dao

The natural flow and source of everything in the universe.

Aristotle (human beings and nature)

Believed humans are above nature because they can reason.

Genesis (human beings and nature)

Humans have dominion over nature and animals.

Daoist (human beings and nature)

Humans should live with nature, not dominate it.

Doaism development (3 phases)

1. Yangzi, Loazi + Daodejing, Zuangzi

Yangzi

Said people should spend more time in nature and away from society.

Laozi

Daoist thinker who explained the Dao (the natural flow of life).

Daodejing

The main Daoist book that teaches how to live in harmony with the Dao.

Zhuangzi

Daoist thinker who taught people to accept change and go with the flow of life.

Tranquil Daoist

A calm person who accepts life's changes without resisting them.

Three doaist ideas

Yin and Yang, Wuwei, Relativism

Yin and Yang

Opposite forces that are connected and constantly changing into each other.

Five elements

Earth, Water, Fire, Metal, and Wood.

Wuwei

Acting naturally without forcing things.

Relativism

Things like good/bad or beautiful/ugly depend on perspective.