BIOL 512 Exam 3

HSV transmission

contact with persons that have active lesions or are shedding HSV from mucocutaneous surfaces

HSV Diagnosis

PCR and Spinal Tap

HSV treatments

Acyclovir

Clinical manifestations

Herpes labialis, Gingivostomatitis, Pharyngitis, Herpes genitalis, Herpetic withlow, Herpes gladiatorium, Keratitis, chorioretinitis, retinal necrosis, Visceral infections: hepatitis, esophagitis, Neonatal infections and CNS infections

Meningitis

• fever, headache, meningismus: neck stiffness, photophobia , +/-

altered mental status

• cerebral function remains normal

• presentation may vary depending on age, co-morbidity, immune

status, etiologic agent

Encephalitis

• may present with fever, headache, and altered mental status

• cerebral cortex is diffusely involved:

• altered mental status

• motor / sensory deficits

• behavior / personality changes

• memory deficits, speech impairment, movement disorders

How common is HSV encephalitis in the US?

10-20 % of acute encephalitis case

What are the major steps in replicating DNA

What are the mammalian DNA polymerases and what specific functions do they have in DN regulation?

What are the 9 components of mammalian DNa replication?

Does DNA replication require Viral proteins? Why?

What is the major problem with viral DNA replication of a linear genome ? Why is that a problem?

What are the 4 mechanisms DNA viruses can use to replicate their genomes? Know viral families for each example

What types of RNA polymerases synthesize what types of RNA?

What are the parts of a promoter? How d they help stimulate transcription?

Do viruses make proteins involved in transcription?

3 ways cellular mRNAs are processed

Why do several viruses splice their RNA?

What has been discovered by studying polyomaviruses?

What is the gene expression cascade of polyomaviruses

What are the general functions of proteins expressed in each cascade?

What is SP1 and why is it important for polyomavirus transcription?

What are the 3 types of SV40 enhancer elements?

What are specific activities/functions found in the SV40 control region?

What is the temporal cascade of adenovirus gene regulation?

What factors are involved in the stimulation of adenovirus late gene transcription?

How and what proteins control the transport of late adenovirus mRNAs? Do they affects host mRNa transport?

How does a host cell try to stop the translation of adenovirus mRNas and how does adenovirus overcome this block>

What are the components of a herpes simplex virus viral particle

What is vhs? How does it help virus replication?

How is the transcription of HSV IE genes activated?

What are the activities of HSV IE protein ICP4?

What functions do essential HSV E proteins have?

What activities do HSV L proteins have?

What is the order of the gene cascade during HSV lyric infection?

What types of diseases does adenovirus cause in humans?

How are adenoviruses transmitted?

What are the disease mechanisms of adenovirus, and what is important or recovering from infection?

How does one prevent adenovirus infections? What are the methods of detection?

What enzyme fo all hepadnaviruses encode or express?

What is a sign of HBV infection and what diseases does it cause?

How is HBV transmitted?

How and what host cells participate in the development of HBV liver cancer?

What are the parts of a poxvirus vison and what are the two types of Virions?

How do pox viruses enter cells?

What are the distinct properties of poxiruses?

What is the order of the gene cascade for HSV poxviruses?

Describe functions. Actives for the poxvirus proteins based on their gene class?

What ways can poxviruses exit a cell?

What are 4 poxviruses that can infect humans?

What is various virus? How is it transmitted?

What are the symptoms of smallpox?

What roles has smallpox played in World History?

What is vaccina virus and how was it used in relation to smallpox?

What was done to eradicate smallpox?

Parvovirus B19 structure and size

Routes of transmission for parvovirus B 19

Typical cell type Parvovirus B19 infects

5 major diseases (with symptoms) Parvovirus B19 causes

Diagnosis (tests/assays used) Dr. Wallter used to identify Parvovirus B19

infection in patients

Specific treatment(s) for Parvovirus B19 (and treatments in development)

What is acyclovir, and what are its viral targets?

How does acyclovir stop HSV replication?

Why is acyclovir not toxic to cells?

Why is acyclovir an effective medication, especially in neurons?

What are the major steps in the HIV life cycle?

What is the target of nucleoside analogues for HIV, and how do they work?

What are antiviral targets developed for HIV?

What is HAART, and why is it an effective suppressive therapy compared to

mono-therapy?

What are inhibitors of influenza A virus (IAV) replication, their targets, and how

do they specifically inhibit IAV?

What are the major steps in HSV pathogenesis?

What is known about HSV latency, and what are hypotheses about how it

(latency) is established?

What are stress stimuli for HSV reactivation, and how do these stimuli affect

cellular physiology to promote reactivation?

What is HSV ICP0, and what activities does it have to promote reactivation?

What are the factors/cells and temporal events involved in clearing up an HSV-1

infection?

What are the three classes of human herpesviruses?

What diseases can HCMV cause?

Describe the basic herpesvirus lifecycle

What are two key differences between HCMV and HHV-6?

Why is latency important?