series circuits
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49 Terms
What is an electric circuit?
A complete pathway through which electric current flows.
What is a series circuit?
A circuit with components connected in a single loop.
Why must a circuit be complete?
Charges can only flow if there is an unbroken path.
What is a cell in a circuit?
A source of electrical energy.
What is a battery?
Two or more cells connected together.
What happens if a bulb breaks in a series circuit?
The entire circuit stops working.
What is a component?
A device in a circuit such as a bulb, switch or motor.
What is a switch?
A component that opens or closes a circuit.
Why are switches important?
They control the flow of current.
What is current?
The flow of electric charge.
What particles carry charge in metal wires?
Electrons.
What is the unit of current?
Amperes (amps, A).
What device measures current?
An ammeter.
How is an ammeter connected in a circuit?
In series.
Why must an ammeter be connected in series?
To measure the current flowing through components.
What happens to current in a series circuit?
It is the same everywhere in the circuit.
What is voltage?
The energy transferred per unit charge.
What is another name for voltage?
Potential difference.
What is the unit of voltage?
Volts (V).
What device measures voltage?
A voltmeter.
How is a voltmeter connected in a circuit?
In parallel across a component.
Why must a voltmeter be connected in parallel?
To compare energy difference across a component.
What happens to voltage when more cells are added?
The voltage increases.
How does increasing voltage affect a bulb?
The bulb becomes brighter.
Why do bulbs become dimmer when more bulbs are added in series?
The voltage is shared between components.
What is resistance?
A force opposing the flow of current.
How does resistance affect current?
Higher resistance reduces current.
What is a faulty circuit?
A circuit containing a problem preventing correct operation.
What are common circuit faults?
Broken components, loose wires or incorrect connections.
Why is troubleshooting important in circuits?
It helps identify and fix faults safely.
What is static electricity?
A build-up of electric charge on an object.
How is static electricity formed?
By friction causing electrons to transfer between materials.
What happens when an object gains electrons?
It becomes negatively charged.
What happens when an object loses electrons?
It becomes positively charged.
Why do charged objects attract or repel?
Opposite charges attract; like charges repel.
What are the two types of electric charge?
Positive and negative.
What happens during electrostatic discharge?
Built-up charge suddenly moves between objects.
What causes electric shocks from static electricity?
Rapid discharge of accumulated electrons.
Why are metals good conductors?
They contain free electrons that move easily.
Why are plastics poor conductors?
Electrons cannot move freely through them.
What is an insulator?
A material that resists the flow of electric charge.
What is a conductor?
A material allowing electric charge to flow easily.
How can static electricity be dangerous?
It can damage electronics or ignite flammable gases.
Why do lightning strikes occur?
Static charges build up in clouds and discharge suddenly.
What safety feature reduces electric shock risk?
Insulation around wires.
Why are circuit diagrams useful?
They represent circuits clearly using symbols.
What happens if a series circuit is disconnected?
Current stops flowing everywhere.
What is energy transfer in circuits?
The movement of energy from cells to components.
Why do motors work in circuits?
Electrical energy is converted into kinetic energy.