Computer Science and Networking Concepts

This set of flashcards covers key terms and concepts from computer science and networking, including malware types, password practices, cloud services, and network technologies.

Disadvantage of Compiled Programs

They need to be rewritten and recompiled for different platforms.

Type of Malware Responsible for Slow Performance

Virus

Good Practice When Creating a Password

Include uppercase letters, lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols.

Technology for Wireless Signaling to Projector or TV

Casting

Function of NOT NULL Constraint

Ensures a field must have a value.

Best Cloud Service Model for Businesses

Software as a Service (SaaS).

Action to Permanently Delete Files in Recycle Bin

Click Empty Recycle Bin.

Description of Smart Lights

They allow you to set a lighting schedule and power them on and off when you are away from home.

IEEE Standards for Wireless Communications

802.11

Meaning of AR

Augmented Reality.

Result of XOR Operation if Both Conditions are True

False.

Type of Database Accessible Over the Internet

Online database.

Importance of Keeping Browser Updated

To get the latest security patches and features.

CPU Socket Mechanism Preventing Motherboard Damage

Zero Insertion Force (ZIF).

Caution When Using Browser Extensions

Hackers could trick you into spoofed websites.

Purpose of Adding Comments to Code

To explain what each part of the code does.

Advantage of Starting at One End of the System

It ensures a systematic and thorough check of all components.

Importance of Backing Up Personal Data Files

They are difficult or impossible to recreate.

Type of Document Database

A type of non-relational database.

Feature Ensuring Authorized Data Access

Security.

Port Number for Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

80.

Example of "Something You Have"

Hardware token.

Two Interpreted Languages

JavaScript and Ruby.

First Step After Fixing a Problem

Test the results of your fix.

Definition of Bandwidth in Networking

The highest amount of data a network can handle at once.

Importance of Knowing Hardware Make and Model

To find the correct driver.

Group of Computer Systems Sharing Information

A network.

What to Do After Deleting an App on macOS

Drag the app back from the trash can to the Applications folder.

What to Do with Unexpected Email Attachment

Verify the sender before opening the attachment.

Built-in Backup Tool for Apple's OS

Time Machine.

Meaning of Hot-Swappable for USB Devices

You can add or remove them while the system is running.

What to Include in Documentation

Every step you took, including unsuccessful attempts.

Potential Risk of Using Remote Assistance Software

It can be used by threat actors to trick people.

Definition of End User License Agreement (EULA)

A contract governing the installation and use of software.

Base of Hexadecimal Numbering System

16.

Definition of Data Center

A dedicated location that holds thousands of servers.

Role of Firewall in a LAN

To block unauthorized access.

Purpose of Video Memory in a GPU

To process picture information quickly.

Easiest Way to Add Wi-Fi to Desktop Computer

Use a USB wireless adapter.

Software Managing Hardware and User Interaction

Operating System (OS).

Higher Resolution in Video Output Means

More pixels and better image details.

Primary Benefit of Offsite Data Storage

It prevents data loss if something happens at the main location.

Network Attached Storage (NAS)

A storage device connected to a local area network.

Conditional Flow Making Decisions in a Program

If-then-else statements.

Definition of Container in Programming

A set of values held by an identifier.

Term for Address Used to Access Websites on the Internet

URL.

Main Difference Between Managed and Unmanaged Switches

Managed switches can be configured, unmanaged switches cannot.

Definition of Integer in Programming

A whole number, either positive or negative, without a decimal or fraction.

Role of "Respond" Function in NIST Cybersecurity Framework

Monitoring to ensure controls are effective.

Spreadsheet Software Known for Powerful Macro Language

Microsoft Excel.

Definition of Pre-Shared Key

A password used to access a wireless network.

Tab in Task Manager Showing Resources Used by Open Applications

Processes.

Best Computer Type for Taking Notes While Moving Around

A tablet or smartphone or possibly a hybrid laptop/tablet.

System Allowing User to Authenticate Once for Multiple Services

Single Sign-On (SSO).

Term for Unique Numbers Assigned to Different Types of Network Traffic

Network Ports.

Features Helping Software Collaboration

Instant Messaging and Video Conferencing.

Availability in the CIA Triad Ensures

Information is readily available to authorized users.

Free Presentation Software for Mac Computers

Keynote.

Tab in Task Manager Displaying Network Usage

Performance.

How Computers Use Binary to Represent Information

By using combinations of only two values: 0 and 1.

Action if Theory About Problem is Confirmed

Make a plan of action.

Definition of Certificate Authority (CA)

A company that issues security certificates to websites.

Type of Language Adding Tags to Text

Markup language.

How SANs Connect for Fast Data Transfer

Using fiber cables.

Definition of Primary Key in Database

A unique identifier for each record.

Value Stored in Boolean Variable

True or False.

Use of "Ping" Test

Measuring latency.

How File System Tracks Permissions

By using an Access Control List (ACL).

Action if Fix is Delayed Due to Ordering Parts

Document up to the point of ordering parts.

Hexadecimal Digit Representing Decimal Number 15

F.

Free, Open-source Presentation Software

LibreOffice Impress.

Main Difference Between Internet and World Wide Web (WWW)

The Internet is a huge network of computers, while the WWW is a collection of interconnected files that use the Internet to share content.

Definition of Flat File System

A type of database.

Definition of MAN

A network that covers a city.

How Virtualization Stops Viruses

By isolating the malware within a guest operating system, preventing it from infecting the host computer or network.

Why do CPUs need cooling systems?

answer

They process billions of instructions every second

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Why is it difficult to increase CPU speeds beyond current levels?

It generates too much heat.

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Which motherboard connection is commonly used with M.2 SSDs?

PCIe

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Why is it important to change default usernames and passwords on devices?

Because they are the same for many devices of the same model

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Why should you make only one change at a time when implementing a solution?

To see what happens with each change

What is debugging?

Fixing mistakes in code

What is a Storage Area Network (SAN)?

A separate subnetwork consisting of storage devices and servers

What should you do if you hear about a data breach at a company where you have an account?

Change your password immediately

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What happens when you drag unwanted applications to the Trash on an Apple computer?

The applications are moved to the Trash and can be recovered if needed.

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What is attenuation in the context of Wi-Fi signals?

The loss of signal strength as you move away from the router

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How does a SaaS version of email work?

It stores emails on the hosting company's servers and you access them via a web browser

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What is a function call in programming?

A command to run another part of the program and return

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What is the main advantage of a dedicated graphics card over integrated graphics?

It provides more powerful graphics processing

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Which numbering system is used to represent file permissions in Linux?

Octal

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Why is it important to keep the operating system and application software current on patches?

To improve security and functionality

What is a downside to using VR headsets?

They cause motion sickness.

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Which is a popular web-based tool for creating charts?

Lucidchart

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Why are compiled languages often used for resource-intensive programs like high-end video games?

Because they run quickly and efficiently

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What is the maximum number a single byte can hold?

255

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Which of the following is an example of a floating-point number?

8.02

A floating-point number is any number with a decimal point (like 8.02)

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What is a foreign key?

A primary key from another table

What might you need to do if Windows Update does not find a driver for your hardware?

Obtain the driver from the device manufacturer

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What are the two main types of printers?

answer

Laser and Inkjet

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What is a VLAN?

A logical network segment within a larger network

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How is cable Internet different from other internet connections?

It shares the connection with other users in the neighborhood.