RBT Review

Social Validity

Ethical, Socially meaningful, Purpose driven, Improves quality of life

Operational Definition

Measurable + Observable definition of a behavior

Frequency

Amount of times

Duration

Timer

Latency

Time from instruction to behavior

Partial Interval

Behavior occurs at all during the interval

Whole interval

Behavior occurs during entire interval

Momentary time sample

Behavior occurs at end/specified time of interval

Discriminative Stimulus (SD)

Antecedent cue shows presence of something available

Stimulus Delta (SDelta)

Antecedent cue shows something not available

Discrete Trial Teaching(DTT)

Structured teaching

Natural Environment Teaching (NET)

Opportunistic teaching in natural environment

Functional Communication Training(FCT)

Identify function of challenge behavior-> Replace with appropriate alternative behavior that serves same function.

Positive Reinforcement

Adding something desired to the environment

Negative Reinforcement

Removing something unpleasant from the environment

DRO

Reinf. Delivered when target behavior does not occur

DRA

Reinf. Delivered when specific behavior, that served same function as target behavior occurs

DRI

Reinf. Delivered when a behavior that cannot physically happen at the same time as the target behavior occurs

DRD

Reinf. Delivered when behavior occurs at/below specific rate

DRH

Reinf. Delivered when behavior occurs at/above specific rate

Shaping

Reinf. Successive approximations

Procedural Integrity

Follow plan EXACTLY

Self-Monitoring

Client tracks own behavior

Extinction

Stop reinforcing behavior

Mand

request "I want..."

Tact

label "What is this"

Echoic

repeat "say..."

Pairing

The process of delivering reinforcement without placing a demand

ABA

Applying principles of behavior to improve behavior

Reinforcement

Any consequence that increases a behavior

Prompting

Ques or assistance given to learner

Data Collection

Recording of observable & measurable behaviors

Generalization

The ability to apply learned behavior across different settings

Task Analysis

Breaking down tasks into smaller steps

Forward Chaining

Master 1st step then gradually add more

Backward Chaining

Client completes last step of the task then gradually adds more

Full Chain

Client attempts entire sequence

Motor Imitation

Complying movement

Visual Supports

Using pictures or words to help communicate expectations

Transition Supports

Using a timer or verbal warning to indicate an upcoming change or transition

First/Then Statements (Premack Principle)

Using statements where the non-preferred activity is listed first, followed by the preferred activity or reinforcer

Choice Opportunities

Providing the learner with at least two different options for what/when/ how they complete a task

Behavioral Momentum

Antecedent strategy where the client is asked high probability targets to build momentum for a more difficult target

Differential Reinforcement

Reinforcing desirable behaviors while reducing undesired behaviors through withholding reinforcement

Behavior Specific Praise

Positive reinforcement through a statement that clearly states the specific behavior

Redirection

A strategy to guide clients from interfering behaviors to more appropriate and functional behaviors

Token Economy

A reinforcement system where clients earn tangible tokens for accurate responding to programs to earn a larger reinforcer

Environmental Arrangements

Strategically organizing physical spaces, materials, and routines to encourage positive behaviors, reduce challenging behaviors, and promote learning

Discrete Trial Teaching

A structured teaching method that breaks skills into small steps and targets them individually through repetition with prompts and positive reinforcement for correct responses

Natural Environment Teaching

When skills are taught or generalized within the natural environment

Video Modeling

A visual teaching strategy where a learner watches a video of someone demonstrating a target skill as the learner imitates the behavior in real life

Behavior Skill Training

Procedure that uses teaching new skills or behaviors through a systematic process of modeling, role playing, feedback and reinforcement

Functional Communication Training

Teaches appropriate ways to communicate needs to replace challenging behaviors using vocal words or alternative communications

Social Skills

Teaching behaviors to help communicate and interact appropriately and effectively

Self-Management

Individuals personally apply behavior-change tactics to control their own actions, fostering independence and achieving goals

Prompting Hierarchies

A systematic list of cues from most to least intrusive used to help learners acquire new skills by providing support building independence

Continuous Measurement

Frequency, Duration, Latency

Discontinuous Measurement

Partial Interval, Whole interval, Momentary time sample

Error Correction

Demand

Client Response

Error

Demand

Prompt

Reinforce

Errorless

Demand

Prompt + Answer

Reinforce

Fixed ratio

Given every same # of response

Variable ratio

Given every random # of responses

Fixed interval

Given after same period of time

Variable interval

Given after random periods of time

Stimuli

Visual, Auditory, Tactile, Olfactory, Gustatory

Extinction Burst

an increase in the frequency of responding when an extinction procedure is initially implemented.

Exctinction

Stop reinforcing behavior and behavior decreases over time

ABC

Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence

Motor Imitation

Complying movement "Do this..."

Intraverbal

Responding verbally to verbal prompt

Ex: "Row, row, row your..."

Listener response

"Stop"