Health Final Review Material

E-Cigarette Cloud

An aerosol (not water vapor) containing fine particles of harmful chemicals and nicotine

Nicotine

The highly addictive chemical, chemical found in tobacco products

Legal Tobacco Age

21 years old (raised from 18) to buy or use tobacco products

Addiction

A chronic condition where a person compulsively seeks a substance despite harmful consequences

Signs of Addiction

Cravings

A.R.E. Method

Avoid, Refuse, Exit

Propylene Glycol (PG)

An e-liquid ingredient that makes the "smoke" and carries flavorings

Vegetable Glycerine (VG)

An e-liquid ingredient that thickens the aerosol cloud

Diacetyl

A hazardous flavoring chemical found in vapes that hides other ingredients and damages lungs

REM Stand For

Rapid Eye Movement

REM Sleep

The active stage of sleep where your brain is active and you dream

NREM Sleep

Non-Rapid Eye Movement sleep consisting of deeper sleep

Chronotype

A person's natural inclination toward sleep times (e.g.

Circadian Rhythm

The body's internal 24-hour clock that regulates cycles of alertness and sleepiness

Teen Sleep Goal

8 to 10 hours of sleep per night recommended for proper development

Deep Sleep Body Temp

Decreases below the normal 98.6 degrees (typically around 97.1 degrees)

Blood Pressure During Sleep

It naturally decreases to rest the cardiovascular system

Insomnia

A sleep disorder characterized by persistent trouble falling or staying asleep

Somnambulism

The medical term for sleepwalking

Somniloquy

The medical term for sleep talking

Conflict

A disagreement between people with opposing viewpoints

Constructive Response

A reaction to conflict that leads to learning

Destructive Response

A reaction to conflict that leads to escalation

Conflict Response Cycle Part 1

Trigger Event (the action that conflicts with the normal relationship)

Conflict Response Cycle Part 2

Emotion (how you internally feel

Conflict Response Cycle Part 3

Assumptions (trying to rationalize why the trigger event occurred)

Conflict Response Cycle Part 4

Boundary (the critical decision point of how you will respond)

Conflict Response Cycle Part 5

Reaction (the execution of your decision and your external response)

Conflict Response Cycle Part 6

Outcome/Impact (the long-term effect your reaction has on the relationship)

The 5 Conflict Management Styles

Competing

Decision-Making Process

A step-by-step tool used to thoughtfully evaluate choices and make smart selections

D in D.E.C.I.D.E.

Define the problem (clearly state the issue you face)

First E in D.E.C.I.D.E.

Explore your options (list all possible ways to solve the problem)

C in D.E.C.I.D.E.

Consider the consequences (weigh the positive and negative results of each option)

I in D.E.C.I.D.E.

Identify your values (ensure your choice aligns with what you believe is right)

Second D in D.E.C.I.D.E.

Decide and act (choose your path and follow through with it)

Second E in D.E.C.I.D.E.

Evaluate the results (look back to see if your choice worked well)

External Influences

Factors outside of ourselves that affect our thoughts and behaviors (e.g.

Peer Pressure

The internal or external feeling of needing to do or say something to fit into a group

Adolescence

The stage of life between childhood and adulthood

Puberty

The time of physical and emotional change when the body matures and becomes fertile

Fertile

When the body is mature enough to release reproductive cells (sperm/eggs) to form a baby

Pituitary Gland

The master gland that sends hormonal signals to kickstart the changes of puberty

Estrogen & Progesterone

The primary hormones produced by the ovaries responsible for female puberty changes

Testosterone

The primary hormone produced by the testicles responsible for male puberty changes

Larynx growth

The voice box expands during puberty in biological males

Ovulation

The monthly release of a mature egg cell from an ovary

Uterus

The internal organ where a baby grows and develops during pregnancy

Skeletal System Functions

Provides body support

Cranium

The skull bone that encloses and protects the brain

Clavicle

The collarbone that allows your arms to hang freely

Ribs

A protective cage of 12 pairs of bones that shelters the heart

Radius & Ulna

The two bones of the forearm (Radius is lateral/outer

Femur

The thigh bone; it is the longest and strongest bone in the body

Ligament

Tough connective tissue that attaches bone to bone

Cartilage

Strong flexible tissue that cushions bones at joints and allows easy movement

Tendon

Connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Muscular System Functions

Allows your body to move

Voluntary Muscle

Muscles you control consciously to stand

Involuntary Muscle

Muscles that move automatically without thinking

Smooth Muscle

Involuntary muscle arranged in sheets found lining internal organs

Cardiac Muscle

Involuntary muscle found exclusively in the heart

Skeletal Muscle

Voluntary muscle fibers that attach to bones to create physical movement

Antagonistic Pairs

The way skeletal muscles work together; as one muscle contracts