Intro to Ethics Final Exam

Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics

Highest Principle

Develop yourself toward excellence in moral virtues

Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics

Criteria

The Five Criteria

List The Five Criteria

1) Right Person

2) Right Manner

3) Right Time

4) Right Amount

5) Right Reason

Define the Golden Mean (Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics)

On a scale measuring one’s response, virtue lies between the vice of excess and the vice of deficiency

There is an appropriate, moderate response to every circumstance

Related to The Five Criteria

Define arete (Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics)

Excellence, virtue

Define virtue (Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics)

Character traits, habits (Ethos)

Confucian Ethics

Highest Principle

Way of the Sage Kings

Define the Way of the Sage Kings

Golden Age ideal where rulers embodied certain characteristics

We should embrace and embody those characteristics

Confucian Ethics

Criteria

The Four Virtues and Mengzi’s Four Sprouts

Define and list The Four Virtues

Characteristics of action that has potency to bring social cohesion

All 4 must function at the same time for something to be virtuous

1) Li

• Ritual, Ceremony, Propriety

2) Ren

• Humaneness, Benevolence

3) Yi

• Rightness, Duty

4) Zhi

• Moral wisdom

Define and list Mengzi’s Four Sprouts

Sensitivities present in everyone that can be nurtured to become virtues

1) Courtesy/Modesty

• becomes Li (propriety)

2) Compassion

• becomes Ren (benevolence)

3) Shame/Aversion

• becomes Yi (duty)

4) Right/Wrong

• becomes Zhi (moral wisdom)

Define virtue (Confucian Ethics)

Character traits, moral learning

Define de (Confucian Ethics)

Potency, (non-coercive) power, virtue

Define dao (Confucian Ethics)

Path, way

May be used to refer to The Way of the Sage Kings

Care Ethics

Highest Principle

Care Ethics

Criteria

Buddhist Ethics

Highest Principle

Buddhist Ethics

Criteria

Four Principles Approach

Criteria (so to speak)

The Four Principles

List The Four Principles

1) Respect for Autonomy

• Give necessary information

• Non-coercive

• Capacity

2) Beneficence

• Promote well-being

3) Non-maleficence

• Do no harm

4) Justice

• Distributive

Four Principles Approach

Highest Principle (so to speak)

Specification

Define specification

Adding action-guiding content to the specific principle

Reconciling conflicts between principle-based rules