Quiz 2 Incisors Tooth Morph

What teeth are classified as permanent anterior teeth?

Incisors and canines

In what direction do permanent anterior teeth flare?

Toward the facial surface

What is another name for the incisal surface?

Incisal ridge or incisal edge

How many developmental lobes do anterior teeth have?

Four

What are the four developmental lobes of anterior teeth?

Mesiolabial, middle labial, distolabial, and lingual

How many labial developmental lobes are present on anterior teeth?

Three

How many lingual developmental lobes are present on anterior teeth?

One

What is the function of incisors?

Biting and cutting food

How do incisors help with speech?

They enable articulate speech

How do incisors contribute to facial appearance?

They support the lips and maintain esthetics

What is a cingulum?

A raised rounded area on the cervical third of the lingual surface

What is a fossa?

A shallow, wide depression

Where is a developmental pit located?

In the deepest part of a fossa

What is a developmental groove?

A sharp, deep, V-shaped depression between developmental lobes

What is a supplemental groove?

A shallow groove that branches from a developmental groove

Which tooth is considered the most prominent tooth?

Maxillary central incisor

What shape does the labial surface of a maxillary central incisor resemble?

A trapezoid

Which angle is sharper on a maxillary central incisor?

Mesioincisal angle

Which angle is more rounded on a maxillary central incisor?

Distoincisal angle

What are imbrication lines?

Slight ridges in the cervical third of the crown

What are the grooves between imbrication lines called?

Perikymata

What is found in the center of the lingual surface of a maxillary central incisor?

Lingual fossa

What groove separates the cingulum from the lingual fossa?

Lingual groove

Where is the lingual pit found?

At the border of the cingulum in the lingual groove

What shape is the lingual outline of a maxillary central incisor from the proximal view?

S-shaped

Which side of a tooth has the greater CEJ curvature?

Mesial

How many roots does a maxillary central incisor have?

One

How many pulp horns does a maxillary central incisor have?

Three

Which pulp horn is shortest in a maxillary central incisor?

Central pulp horn

What shape is the root canal in the cervical cross-section of a maxillary central incisor?

Oval or egg-shaped

What shape is the root canal near the apex of a maxillary central incisor?

Round

Which tooth is the second most frequently missing tooth?

Maxillary lateral incisor

Which tooth exhibits the greatest variation in size and shape after third molars?

Maxillary lateral incisor

What is a peg lateral?

A small peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisor

What shape is the root of a maxillary lateral incisor?

Conical

What is dilaceration?

Abnormal bending or curving of the root

Which horizontal third often contains accessory canals in a maxillary lateral incisor?

Apical third

What condition causes Hutchinson incisors?

Congenital syphilis

What defect is associated with Hutchinson incisors?

Enamel hypoplasia

Which tooth is the smallest and smoothest in the permanent dentition?

Mandibular central incisor (#24 and #25)

Which incisor has the most symmetrical crown and root?

Mandibular central incisor

Which incisor has both mesioincisal and distoincisal angles that are sharp and nearly identical?

Mandibular central incisor

Where is the incisal edge positioned on a mandibular central incisor?

Slightly lingual

What is attrition?

The wearing away of tooth structure caused by tooth-to-tooth contact

Where does attrition commonly occur on mandibular incisors?

Facioincisal surface

What shape is the root of a mandibular central incisor?

Narrow oval

What kind of grooves are present on the mesial and distal root surfaces of a mandibular central incisor?

Longitudinal root grooves (root concavities)

Which direction does the root apex of a mandibular central incisor usually deviate?

Distally

Is the mandibular lateral incisor larger or smaller than the mandibular central incisor?

Larger

Why is the mandibular lateral incisor described as fan-shaped?

The cervical lingual area is narrower and the incisal portion is wider

Which marginal ridge is longer on the mandibular lateral incisor?

Mesial marginal ridge

Where are the contacts located on a mandibular lateral incisor?

Mesial contact—Incisal 1/3; Distal contact—Incisal 1/3

What deposits commonly accumulate on mandibular anterior teeth?

Dental biofilm, calculus, and stain

What alignment issue commonly affects mandibular incisors?

Crowding and overlapping

Why can instrumentation be difficult on mandibular anterior teeth?

Lingual tipping, crowding, and tongue interference