Hypothalamus, Pituitary Gland, and Growth Hormone

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and their hormonal functions.

Hypothalamus

A part of the central nervous system that controls autonomic functions such as temperature and hunger.

Pituitary Gland

Known as the 'master gland,' it produces key hormones that regulate other endocrine glands.

Growth Hormone (GH)

A hormone that promotes growth in bones and muscle and regulates metabolism.

Acromegaly

A condition resulting from chronic over secretion of growth hormone in adults, leading to overgrowth of connective tissue and bones.

Dwarfism

A condition resulting from growth hormone deficiency, leading to inadequate long bone development.

Giantism

A condition caused by excess growth hormone production in young animals, resulting in increased growth.

Hypothalamic Hypophyseal Portal System (HHPS)

A system of veins that connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland, allowing for direct transport of hormones to the anterior pituitary.

Neurohypophysis

Also known as the posterior pituitary, it stores and releases hormones like oxytocin and ADH produced by the hypothalamus.

Adenohypophysis

The anterior part of the pituitary gland that produces several hormones including LH, FSH, and GH.

Somatotropin

Another name for growth hormone, important for growth and metabolism.