FLVS US History Segment 2 Exam Flashcards

Which of the following was the first major battle to use aircraft carriers as a main component of battle?

Battle of the Coral Sea

The turning point for the U.S in the Pacific Theater occurred at which battle?

Battle of Midway

Which U.S. possession was the location of the Bataan Death March?

Philippines

The U.S. government introduced rationing mostly in order to

make sure war industries had the resources they needed

Which of these actions showed continuing discrimination against women during World War II?

Women usually worked under male supervisors who received higher wages.

Which of the following was a code name associated with the Allied invasion of Italy?

Operation Mincemeat

The Yalta Conference failed to achieve which outcome?

German zones of occupation would have free elections.

If Germany had been more successful in the Battle of the Atlantic, what would have happened?

Supply lines to Britain would have been disrupted.

One of the goals of Operation Overlord was to create?

a second front to liberate France

Which of the following events is shown in this photograph?

D-Day invasion of Normandy

What was one challenge the U.S. military faced in recruiting men to serve in the armed forces?

providing enough soldiers to fight in both Europe and the Pacific

What did President Roosevelt believe was the best way to prevent future wars?

create an international peacekeeping organization

What was the German army's last offensive?

the Battle of the Bulge

What was one major result of the Salerno invasion?

Mussolini was forced to resign.

Which aspect of U.S. mobilization does this photograph show?

women joining the Women's Auxiliary Army Corps to serve in the war

What event did this poster use to encourage men to enlist?

the attack on Pearl Harbor

Which explains why the United States issued an embargo on Japanese trade in 1941?

Japanese aggressors conquered Allied colonies in the Pacific.

What was the purpose of Operation Torch?

to regain control of North Africa

The Atlantic Charter confirmed that the United States and Great Britain believed in which of the following ideals?

Every nation has the right to choose its own form of government.

What was the German army's goal at the Battle of the Bulge?

to disrupt the Allies' supply line

Which of the following turned the war in the Pacific in the Allies' favor?

Battle of Guadalcanal

Which of the following pushed the United States into entering World War II in the Pacific?

the bombing of Pearl Harbor

In the war against Japan, the U.S relied on a strategy of

island hopping across the South Pacific

Which battle convinced Allied leaders that an invasion of the Japanese mainland might be too costly in human lives?

Okinawa

Which new technology allowed the Allies to bomb the Japanese mainland more effectively?

B-29s

After the victory in the Battle of Guadalcanal, which of the following strategy was put in place by the Allies?

island-hopping

From which islands in the eastern Pacific shown on the map did the Allies advance?

Hawaiian Islands

Which of the following was a direct cause of the formation of the bracero program?

decline of the rural population in the Southwest

What was one lasting effect of World War II on African Americans?

increased political influence in the North

What does this poster suggest about the life during World War II?

Peoples' actions on the homefront were vital to winning the war.

Why were Japanese Americans placed in internment camps during World War II?

as a result of anti-Japanese prejudice and fear

What was the effect of Korematsu v. United States?

Internment camps were affirmed as legal.

How did Native Americans contribute to the war effort on the homefront?

working in war factories in the West

What was one benefit of rationing according to the poster?

helping to supply soldiers fighting abroad

Which statement is true about the women who worked during World War II?

Women of various ages and skills took wartime jobs.

The photograph below was taken in Europe during World War II:

What does this photograph show about the role of minorities serving in the military during World War II?

For the first time, African-American women were allowed to serve their country.

The poster below was created in the 1930s:

What belief system does the human figure in this poster represent?

Nazism

The photograph below was taken in 1944:

Boats such as those shown in the photograph were used in which 1944 invasion?

D-day

The photograph below was taken in the United States during World War II:

What does this photograph reveal about American society during World War II?

People from different religious and ethnic backgrounds united in support of the troops.

The photograph below was taken in 1942:

What does this photograph reveal about life in the United States during World War II?

Many women joined the industrial workforce while men were fighting overseas.

Which of these was intensified by the outbreak of World War II?

political leaders' focus on national security

(MC)How did the United States' entry into World War II affect the American economy?

It decreased unemployment significantly.

(LC)Why was the Battle of the Coral Sea significant for the Allies?

It showed the strength of aircraft carriers in battle.

(LC)How did the U.S. government pay for the war effort during World War II?

increased taxes and selling war bonds

(LC) American neutrality was tested when this county was attacked in the 1930s?

China

(LC) In the 1930s, what did the United States do to avoid getting involved international affairs?

passed the Neutrality Acts

(HC)The quote below was written in the 1940s:

"Why die for democracy for some foreign country when we don't even have it here?"

What was a long-term consequence of the sentiment expressed in the quote above?

African Americans increased their push for civil rights on the home front.

(MC)Which of these resulted from the Holocaust?

creation of war crimes trials

(MC)Which group was sent to both Nazi concentration camps and Soviet labor camps?

Poles

(HC)The statement below was made by Robert H. Shumard, a crewman of the B-29 that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima:

"Nobody actually wants to cause the destruction we caused. But it was through a necessity rather than a wanton type of destruction. It was something that had to be done."

With which principle associated with the Nuremberg Trials would Shumard agree?

A soldier must always follow orders.

(MC)The quote below was written in the 1940s:

"There was almost no talk I can remember on our trip back to the base. It was just too much to express in words, I guess. We were all in a kind of state of shock. I think the foremost thing in all our minds was that this thing was going to bring an end to the war and we tried to look at it that way."

—Sergeant Joseph Stiborik, Radar Operator on the Enola Gay

What conclusion can you draw from this statement?

The crew of the Enola Gay believed that the atomic bomb was the best way to force Japan's surrender

(MC)What was one of the long-term consequences of the United States' use of atomic weapons during World War II?

The Soviet Union and the United States participated in an arms race.

(LC) Which term describes Germany's systematic approach to eliminate specific groups from Europe?

Final Solution

(MC)Why did the Supreme Court ruling in Korematsu v. United States (1944) anger supporters of civil liberties?

It made the internment of certain American citizens legitimate

(MC)Which of the following describes one effect the United States' entrance into World War II had on minority groups?

increased job opportunities for African Americans

HC)The quote below was written in 1941:

"Instead of agitating for war, the Jewish groups in this country should be opposing it in every possible way for they will be among the first to feel its consequences . . . Their greatest danger to this country lies in their large ownership and influence in our motion pictures, our press, our radio and our government."

—Speech by Charles Lindbergh, September 11, 1941

The outrage against Lindbergh's speech led to a steep decline in the membership of what group?

America First

(MC)The quote below was written to describe an event in the 1940s:

"The Japanese culture at that time reflected the view that any warrior who surrendered had no honor; thus was not fit to be treated like a human being."

Source: Congressional Record. http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CRECB-2001-pt9/html/CRECB-2001-pt9-Pg11980.htm

This quote from the Congressional Record helps explain the reason for which of the following?

NOT!!! Japan's use of kamikaze attacks

(MC)Why did Congress authorize the cash and carry provision of the Neutrality Act of 1937?

to allow the United States to profit from wartime trade

(MC)Which statement explains the evolution of American foreign policy between 1935 and 1941?

The United States went from a policy of strict neutrality to aiding the Allies and making preparations for war.

(MC)Which describes the effect of the Lend-Lease Act on U.S. foreign policy?

The act effectively ended American neutrality by supplying the British with war supplies.

What was the purpose of the Nuremberg Trials?

to force Nazi leaders to answer for war crimes

How did America and Britain solve the problem of the Berlin blockade?

by transporting essential supplies to West Berlin using cargo planes

What resulted from Britain's inability to provide financial support for Greece and Turkey?

The United States offered financial support so those nations would not become communist.

With what is Mary McLeod Bethune associated?

She was the only African American woman at the United Nations Charter conference.

What term is used to describe the increase in military capability that the United States and Soviet Union experienced after World War II?

arms race

What event established the principle that individuals are accountable for their actions even during time of war?

Nuremberg Trials

What event triggered the United States to issue the Truman Doctrine?

Britain's inability to assist governments in Greece and Turkey

The map below shows Germany divided into four quadrants:

Which sections shown in the map above merged together in 1948 to support democracy in Germany?

A, C, D

What was the outcome of the April 1945 meeting in San Francisco of representatives from over fifty nations?

the United Nations

What action was the main cause for Nazis to be charged and tried for at Nuremberg?

participation in the Holocaust

The quote below was written by U.S. leader George Kennan:

Now it lies in the nature of the mental world of the Soviet leaders, as well as in the character of their ideology, that no opposition to them can be officially recognized as having any merit or justification whatsoever. Such opposition can flow, in theory, only from the hostile and incorrigible forces of dying capitalism.

Source: History Guide

What does this quote justify?

U.S. foreign policy of containment

The diagram below shows the cause-and-effect relationship between two events:

What should replace the question mark in the EFFECT bubble?

The Soviet Union and its allies created the Warsaw Pact.

Which quote describes the concerns Americans had about joining the North Atlantic Treaty Organization?

Why quit our own to stand upon foreign ground? ... It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world ...

--George Washington

What was the greatest cause of tension between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II?

different forms of government and economy

How did the Soviets respond when France, Britain, and the United States combined their German zones of occupation into one nation?

They cut off access to West Berlin by blocking rail lines and roads.

The political cartoon below was created in the mid-1900s:

What statement summarizes the idea in this cartoon?

The Republicans were using the McCarthy hearings for political gain.

The political cartoon below was created in the mid-1900s:

What did the Red Smear in the cartoon symbolize?

false accusations that communists infiltrated the U.S government

False accusations against which organization led to the demise of Senator Joseph McCarthy?

the U.S. Army

During the Cold War, the U.S government developed various strategies to protect citizens during an attack. Which of the following Cold War protections are still in use today?

Interstate Highway System

The photograph below was taken after the testing of an atomic cannon:

The weapon shown above is an example of what?

the belief of the U.S. Army that atomic weapons could be used on the battlefield

Whose work at the Manhattan Project was important in the prosecution of the Rosenberg case?

David Greenglass

Which is not an accurate statement about the McCarran Act?

It prohibited the formation of a Communist Party in the United States.

Which former State Department employee was accused passing top-secret papers to the Soviets?

Alger Hiss

The Rosenbergs were charged with the crime of espionage. What is espionage?

spying on the government

Who was the chief organizer of the spy ring that passed secrets to the Soviets through Klaus Fuchs?

Julius Rosenberg

The quote below was written in the mid 1900s:

"Surely no sane member of the human race could discover victory in such desolation." —President Dwight Eisenhower.

What was President Eisenhower referring to with this statement?

prospect of a war using thermonuclear weapons

Which U.S program or agency was designed to halt the spread of Communism in Latin America?

Alliance for Progress

What event was The Bay of Pigs invasion a response to?

Castro's rise to power in Cuba

What ended the Cuban Missile Crisis?

The United States agreed to not invade Cuba, and the Soviets agreed to remove all missiles from Cuba.

Which event was the first to cause tension between the Soviet Union and President Kennedy?

NOT!!! Soviet missiles found in Cuba

What limits did the U.S., U.S.S.R, and Great Britain agree to regarding nuclear weapons testing in 1963?

testing could only occur underground

Which of these measures did Americans fear was likely to lead to nuclear war with the Soviet Union?

a quarantine of Cuba in international waters

President Kennedy created this volunteer organization to bring education and technology to undeveloped countries?

Peace Corps

According to the Warren investigation, who was responsible for the assassination of President Kennedy?

Lee Harvey Oswald

Which of these statements explains why Sputnik disturbed Americans?

It showed that the Soviets could develop a missile capable of hitting the U.S.

What was the most immediate result of Diem's refusal to hold elections?

What was the most immediate result of Diem's refusal to hold elections?

What role did U.S. security forces play in Vietnam during the Kennedy administration?

Military advisers supported the South Vietnamese army.

What was the effect of the Twenty-Sixth Amendment?

The voting age was lowered.

What is the best definition of the term hawks?

people who call for U.S. military intervention abroad

Which event most directly contributed to the end of U.S. involvement in Vietnam?

U.S. public opinion against the war became very high during an election year.