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Cofactor
inorganic helper (metal ion)
Coenzyme
organic helper (vitamin derived)
Km
substrate concentration at ½ max velocity
Competitive Inhibition
inhibitor competes with substrate and attaches to active site
Biotin
vitamin coenzyme for carboxylation
Feedback Inhibition
The final product inhibits the pathway
Activation Energy
Energy needed to start a reaction
3 Ways Enzymes Work
Brings substrates together, stabilize transition state, & provide favorable environment
Allosteric Regulation
Molecule binds somewhere else from the active site and changes enzyme shape/function
Kinases vs Phosphatases
Kinase adds phosphate and phosphatase removes phosphate
ATP Coupling
ATP releases energy that is used in ADP and drives unfavorable reactions