Global explorer unit

Europeans Explore the East

Explain the various (5) motives and causes for exploration:

Finding new ways to get goods for cheaper by getting closer to the source of goods.

Finding new trade routes.

To find gold and money.

To gain glory for self and the king/queen who gave money to go on voyage.

Spread of religion, ideas, christianity,ect.

Caravel - A small ship used by the Portuguese for exploration.

Why were Spain and Portugal the first countries to explore?

Technological advancements, and strong economic motivations.

Prince Henry & his Navigation School – He created navigational schools in Portugal to teach sailing and created many explorers.

Bartolomeu Dias – An explorer for Europe in 1488, who went around the southern African tip.

Vasco De Gama – In 1498 he went to India.

Line of Demarcation & Treaty of Tordesillas – The line of demarcation was when the fake line drawn from the south to north pole was drawn which divided the newly discovered land between Spain and Portugal. Treaty of Tordesillas is when they moved and modified the line further west.

Ming Dynasty – from 1368-1644, a dynasty in China and Han who restored civil service exams, confusion values, mongol rules, ect.

Yonglo – A Chinese explorer who wanted to show off China's superiors and wealth.

Zheng He and his voyages – Chinese explorer who started in 1405 and took 7 voyages, established relations between Asian and African countries and brought tons of things and people /goods .

Treasure Ships – very large ships (massive in size).

Explain how the Chinese felt about foreigners & foreign trade products – They believed they were superior and they accepted others' trade at first but when christianity started to spread they didnt let anyone but like one trade, trade.come to them.

One example of Chinese Ethnocentrism within the context of trade & exploration – The tributary system , foreign states sent envoys with tributes to china emperors and acknowledged their beliefs (chinese beliefs).

Chinese policy of Isolation: WHY? – Do not let the people have an exchange of communication with foreign people. With the fear of potential threats, and diffusion, of religion and culture.

Tokugawa Ieyasu -- Founder and first shogun of Tokugawa shogunate of Japan. Who unified Japan after the period of civil war.

Tokugawa Shogunate – Feudal military government established by the Tokugawa leyasu who enforced strict rules and periods of isolation and maintained stability and even foreign interference.

Kabuki –classical japanese type of dance and performance.

Explain how Japan felt about foreigners when Europeans first arrived in the country?

They were fine and did not mind but over time that amount of religious tolerance decreased.

How and WHY did the Tokugawa government change its position on foreign trade and interactions? Explain. Your answer should include the word “isolation”

The spread of christianity was scaring them because of the threats and rapid growth of the religion.

Europeans Explore the West (New World)

Christopher Columbus – An explorer for Spain in 1492, who found the Caribbean when looking for a new route to Asia.

Colony – territory that is under control from a political figure.

Amerigo Vespucci – an explorer for the Portuguese in 1562, who explored the shores of Brazil, and America was named after him by a map maker.

Vasco Nunez de Balboa - An explorer for Europe in 1510, who glazed the pacific ocean.

Ferdinand Magellan – An explorer for Spain in the 1500s who continued exploring the pacific ocean and found islands like Guam, Philippines, but his crew died of disease and starvation because of being on the boat so long, and he went to war with 18 men. First to sail around the world.

Conquistador – Follower of Cortes that carved out colonies and conquered places that will become the U.S., Africa, and Mexico.

Hernando Cortez – An explorer of Mexico who led the Spanish expedition that made the fall of the Aztec empire.

Francisco Pizarro – An explorer of Peru who led conquest to the Inca empire, a number of empires in South America.

Why were the Spanish able to conquer the Natives?

Because they had much more advanced tools than the Spanish.

Encomienda System – Natives farmed, ranched, or mined, in exchange for land and the Spanish said they would treat natives fairly but did not do so.

Society in the Spanish Colonies (Fill in the Social Class triangle) - Double click on the drawing to fill in

Bartolomé de las Casas De Las Casas – A spanish historian and social reformer.

Why were African Slaves used – To get free labor.

Triangular Trade – A system of trade from Europe, Africa, and America.

Middle Passage (Describe conditions) – A journey of taking all of the African SLaves, which was very brutal and they abused, squished, and killed millions of African and much more.

Impacts of the Slave trade on the Americas & Africa –ll

Africa:

Loss of millions of people (slavery) - have more free work

More fighting between other African tribes - having more power and other tribes who they

Less workers gave guns to like them now.

Columbian Exchange –ll

Name three goods that went from OLD WORLD to NEW WORLD – Olives, grains, disease.

Name three goods that went from NEW WORLD to OLD WORLD – vanilla,turkey,pumpkin.

Mercantilism – ¨An economical theory and practice prevalent in Europe.¨

Favorable balance of trade – A country exceeds the amount of goods needed.

Joint Stock Company –A business that sells stock to investors.

Impacts of the Columbian Exchange – More diverse selection of food which sustained the people, spread of ideas, and economic growth but it also had bad sides like disease, transfer of slaves, native species going against native species (plants).