CHROMOSOMES
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16 Terms
Chromosomes
structures that carry DNA
Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes
Prokaryotes = one circular chromosome; Eukaryotes = linear chromosomes with histones.
Plasmisds
Small circular DNA molecules that replicate indepedently
Fuction of plasmids?
Transferes genes. Ex: antibiotic resistance
How many chromosomes do humans have?
46( 23 Pairs )
What is deploid (2n)
A Cell with 46 chromosomes
What is haploid(n)
A cell with 23 chromosomes ( gametes )
What are homologous chromosomes?
Chromosome pairs with the same genes, one from each parent.
What determines sex in humans?
Female= XX, Male=XY
What is a karyogram?
An image of chromosomes used to identify number, pairs, and sex chromosomes.
What happens in fertilization?
23 + 23 = 46 chromosomes.
Fertilization is the fusion of two haploid gametes to form a diploid zygote.
Why are homologous chromosomes important?
They allow genetic variation through crossing-over.
What do different chromosomes carry?
different genes that code for different traits.