Nursing Communication, Teaching, and Leadership

Vocabulary flashcards covering nursing communication models, therapeutic relationship phases, teaching domains, leadership styles, and management strategies based on Chapters 8, 9, and 10.

Communication

The exchange of information and meaning, which serves as the foundation of human interaction and caregiving.

David K. Berlo communication model

A systematic framework for understanding the process of communication, emphasizing the roles of the sender, message, channel, receiver, and feedback in effective communication.

Sender (Encoder)

The source of the message who begins the communication process.

Message

The communication product from the source.

Channel of Communication

The medium through which a message is sent, which can be auditory, visual, or kinesthetic.

Receiver (Decoder)

The individual who translates and interprets the message being received.

Verbal

Depends on understanding of language

Nonverbal

 Facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, touch

 Space, time, boundaries

 Body movements, posture, gait

 General physical appearance and mode of dress or grooming

 Sounds (moaning, crying, gasping, sighing)

Intrapersonal Communication

Self-talk or communication that happens internally within a person, affecting their confidence and behavior.

Interpersonal Communication

Communication occurring between two or more people with the goal to exchange messages.

SBAR

A standardized communication tool for hand-offs representing Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendations.

I-SBAR-R

A QSEN-adapted communication tool that includes introduction, nurse/patient ID, and a read-back for safety.

Therapeutic Relationship

A relationship built on the patient’s needs, characterized by an unequal sharing of information, where the nurse is the carer and the patient is the person being cared for.

Orientation Phase

The phase of the therapeutic relationship focused on introductions, establishing trust, clarifying roles, and setting goals, and Provide orientation to care and environment

Working Phase

The phase where the nurse and patient collaborate to meet the patient’s physical and psychosocial needs and achieve mutually agreed-upon goals.

Termination Phase

The phase of the relationship that involves reviewing progress, addressing feelings about ending the relationship, and preparing for future care or hand-off.

Assertive Communication Style

A style where an individual expresses their needs clearly and respectfully, respecting both themselves and others.

Blocks to Communication

 Nontherapeutic comments and

questions

 Using clichés

 Using closed questions

 Using questions containing the

words “why” and “how”

 Using questions that probe for

information

TEACH Model

An acronym for Timing, Environment, Assessment, Content, and Health understanding (Teach-back) used in nursing education.

Andragogy

The method and principles focused specifically on teaching adult learners.

Cognitive Domain

A learning domain focused on knowledge acquisition, specifically storing and recalling new information.

Affective Domain

A learning domain focused on attitudes, values, and feelings.

Psychomotor Domain

A learning domain focused on skills development through mental-muscular integration.

Adherence

The degree to which a patient’s behavior aligns with agreed health recommendations, emphasizing the patient's right to choose.

Short-Term Counseling

Focuses on immediate problem or crisis

 Helps patients/families cope quickly

Long-Term Counseling

Ongoing support over days, weeks, or months

 Addresses chronic issues, behavioral changes, or emotional growth

Motivational Interviewing (MI)

A patient-centered, goal-directed counseling approach used to enhance motivation for change through reflective listening and collaborative goal-setting.

Leadership

The practice of 'doing the right things' involving vision, philosophy, and judgment to support safe, high-quality patient care.

Management

The practice of 'doing things right' by focusing on tasks and administrative functions.

Autocratic Leadership

A style where the leader makes decisions alone, controls all tasks, and expects compliance.

Democratic Leadership

A style where the leader involves the team in decision-making and encourages participation.

Laissez-faire

Leader gives team freedom to make decisions, minimal guidance

Servant

Leader prioritizes the needs of the team and patients, supports growth

Quantum

Leader adapts to rapid change, encourages innovation and flexibility

Transactional

Leader focuses on tasks, rules, and rewards/punishments for

performance

Transformational Leadership

A style where the leader inspires and motivates the team to achieve a shared vision and exceed expectations.

Magnet Status

A recognition for healthcare organizations based on components like structural empowerment, exemplary professional practice, and empirical quality results.

Role of Nurse Manager

 Planning→ Setting goals and deciding how to achieve them.

 Organizing→ Arranging resources and tasks to meet goals.

 Staffing→ Hiring, training, and scheduling staff.

 Directing→ Guiding and motivating staff to perform effectively.

 Controlling→ Monitoring performance and making adjustments

Centralized Management

 Senior managers generally make decisions with little input from the group

Decentralized Management

A structure where decisions are made by those most knowledgeable about the issues, involving nurses intimately in patient care decisions.

Lewin’s classic theory of Change

 Unfreeze

 Change (Transition)

 Refreeze

Unfreeze

The first stage of Lewin’s Theory of Change, which involves preparing individuals for change by creating awareness of the need for it.

Change (Transition)

Implement new processes, behaviors, or practices

Refreeze

Solidify the new behavior as the standard practice

SWOT Analysis

A management strategy used to identify Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats to determine a plan of action.

Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL)

A Master’s-prepared, certified nurse focusing on leadership in patient care and integrating evidence-based practice, distinct from administration.

Delegation

The process of transferring responsibility for a task to assistive personnel while the RN retains accountability for the outcome. This includes Basic care, vital signs, feeding, ambulation, simple dressings, transfers.