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Step 1
HIV bound to bottom of well on well plate
Step 2
Sample of patients blood plasma added- if HIV specific antibodies are present, they will bind to the HIV antigen bound to the well
Step 3
Well is washed out to remove unbound antibodies and a second antibody with a specific enzyme attached is added that can bind to HIV specific antibodies- well washed again
Step 4
Solution is added to well, and if patient has HIV, the substrate will react with enzyme on 2nd antibody, causing a colour change