Micro 220 Lab exam #1

Which bacteria:

• Gram positive cocci in clusters

• Facultative anaerobe

• Post-op wound infections/pus tends to be yellow/produces toxins that destroy red blood cells and can pus to appear “brown”

• Causes endocarditis and sepsis

Staphylococcus Epidermis (SE)

Which bacteria:

• Gram positive cocci in clusters

• Facultative anaerobe

• Post-op wound infections/pus tends to be yellow/produces toxins that destroy red blood cells and can pus to appear “brown”

• Causes septicemia, endocarditis, and abscesses

Staphylococcus Aureus (SA)

Which bacteria:

• Gram positive cocci in clusters

• Facultative anaerobe

• Causes urinary tract infections (UTIs) and urosepsis

Staphylococcus Saprophyticus (SS)

Which bacteria:

• Gram positive cocci in chains

• Facultative anaerobe

• Produce white or “creamy colored” pus

• Causes strep throat/ can be a cause of gas gangrene along with Clostridium perfringens

• Produces toxins that destroy red blood cells can cause pus to turn “brown”

• Main cause of necrotizing fasciitis where skin “sloughs off” due to red blood cell and small vessel destruction

Streptococcus Pyogenes (SPy)

Which bacteria:

• Gram positive cocci in chains

• Facultative anaerobe

• Causes neonatal meningitis/urinary tract urinary tract infections (UTIs)/general sepsis

Streptococcus Agalactiae (SAg)

Which bacteria:

• Gram positive cocci in chains

• Facultative anaerobe

• Causes meningitis in the elderly

• Cause secondary pneumonia related to influenza virus as initial infection especially in the especially in the elderly and infants

Streptococcus Pneumonia (SP)

Which bacteria:

• Gram positive cocci sometimes in short chains

• Facultative anaerobe

• Major bacteria in human stool/associated with infections in the colon

• Can cause diverticulitis

Enterococcus Faecalis (EF)

Which bacteria:

• Gram negative rod

• Facultative anaerobe

• #1 cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs)

• Can cause gastrointestinal disorders

E. coli (EC)

Which bacteria:

• Gram negative rod

• Facultative anaerobe

• Often seen in wound/ulcer infections of the lower extremities in patients with diabetes

• Can cause urinary tract infections (UTIs)

Proteus Mirabilis (PM)

Which bacteria:

• Gram negative rod

• Facultative anaerobe

• Often seen in wound/ulcer infections of the lower extremities in patients with diabetes

• Can cause pneumonia in homeless/alcoholic patients

Klebsiella Pneumonia (KP)

Which bacteria:

• Gram negative rod

• Obligate anaerobe

• cause a “greenish discoloration” to wound surfaces and drainage/is an “opportunistic” organism and appears as a “secondary infection”

• Can cause gram negative sepsis in hospital acquired or nosocomial infections

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (PA)

Which bacteria:

• Gram negative rod

• Obligate anaerobe

• Can cause and/or contribute to appendicitis/intestinal abscesses/peritonitis

Bacteroides Fragilis (BF)

Which bacteria:

• Gram negative rod

• facultative anaerobe

• Can cause and/or contribute to a number of enteric (intestinal infections including “food poisoning” or salmonellosis

Salmonella Typhimurium (ST)

Which bacteria:

• Gram positive rod

• Obligate anaerobe

• Causes gas gangrene/early gangrene appears as dark purple lesions

• Can cause pus to look “brown” due to blood in the pus/very foul smelling wounds and drainage

Clostridium Perfringens (CP)

Which bacteria:

• Gram negative diplococci (cocci in pairs)

• Obligate anaerobe

• Causes the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea

Neisseria Gonorrhea (NG)

Which drugs/antibiotics is used against:

• Clostridium Perfringens

• Strep Pyogenes

• Strep Pneumonia

• Strep Agalactiae

Penicillin G

Which drugs/antibiotics is used against:

• Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Ceftazidime (Tazicef)

Which drugs/antibiotics is used against:

• Enterococcus Faecalis

Ampicillin

Which drugs/antibiotics is used against:

• Salmonella Typhimurium

• Methicillin resistant Staph aureus (MRSA)

• Klebsiella pneumonia

• Proteus Mirabilis

• E. coli

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

Which drugs/antibiotics is used against:

• Neisseria Gonorrhea

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

Which drugs/antibiotics is used against:

• Bacteroides Fragilis

*often paired with Penicillin G to treat Clostridium perfringens

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

Which drugs/antibiotics is used against:

• Staph Epidermis

• Staph Aureus

Nafcillin/Dicloxacillin

Which drugs/antibiotics is used against:

• Staph Saprophyticus

Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid, Macrodantin)