good ss chatpyer nine

New Deal

A series of programs by Franklin D. Roosevelt to combat the Great Depression

Three R's of the New Deal

Relief, Recovery, Reform

Relief (New Deal)

Immediate help for struggling people

Recovery (New Deal)

Efforts to improve the economy

Reform (New Deal)

Changes to prevent future depressions

FDIC

A program that insures bank deposits and prevents bank failures

CCC

Civilian Conservation Corps; provided jobs planting trees and building parks

WPA

Works Progress Administration; provided jobs building roads, buildings, and infrastructure

AAA

Agricultural Adjustment Act; paid farmers to produce less to raise crop prices

Social Security

A program that provides money to elderly and unemployed people

Great Depression

A severe worldwide economic crisis in the 1930s

Franklin D. Roosevelt

President who created the New Deal

Adolf Hitler

Dictator of Nazi Germany

Benito Mussolini

Dictator of Fascist Italy

Joseph Stalin

Leader of the Soviet Union

Hideki Tojo

Leader of Japan during WWII

Totalitarianism

A system where the government has total control over citizens

Axis Powers

Germany, Italy, and Japan

Allied Powers

Countries that opposed the Axis, including the US, Britain, and the Soviet Union

WWII Begins

Start of WWII in 1939 when Germany invaded Poland

Axis Aggression

Actions by Germany, Italy, and Japan to expand their territory before WWII

Lend-Lease Act

US program that supplied Allies with weapons and aid before entering the war

Pearl Harbor

Japanese attack on the US in 1941 that brought the US into WWII

Homefront

Efforts by civilians to support the war

Rationing

Limiting goods like food and gas during the war

Rosie the Riveter

Symbol of women working in factories during WWII

Japanese Internment

The forced relocation of Japanese Americans during WWII

Battle of Stalingrad

Major turning point in Europe where Germany lost to the Soviet Union

D-Day

Allied invasion of Normandy in 1944

Battle of the Bulge

Last major German offensive in WWII

Battle of Midway

Naval battle that was a turning point in the Pacific

Battle of Guadalcanal

First major US offensive against Japan

Battle of Iwo Jima

Bloody island battle closer to Japan

Hiroshima

Japanese city where the first atomic bomb was dropped

Nagasaki

Japanese city where the second atomic bomb was dropped

How did Roosevelt help banks?

He closed failing banks and created the FDIC to restore trust

How did the New Deal help farmers?

It paid farmers to grow less to increase prices

Why did some people dislike the New Deal?

They thought it gave too much power to the government and cost too much

Problems in Roosevelt's second term

Supreme Court opposition, court-packing controversy, economic downturn

Was the New Deal successful?

It helped people and stabilized the economy but did not fully end the Great Depression

WWII aggressor countries

Germany, Italy, and Japan

Why were they aggressors?

They wanted more land, power, and revenge after WWI

How did they rule their countries?

With totalitarian governments using force and propaganda

How did the US support the Allies?

By sending supplies through Lend-Lease and later joining the war

Turning points in Europe

Stalingrad, D-Day, Battle of the Bulge

Turning points in the Pacific

Midway, Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima

Why did Truman drop the atomic bomb?

To end the war quickly and avoid a costly invasion of Japan