Science Nervous

What is the nervous system?

communication system. That sends and receives information about whats going on in and around the body.

What are the three main organs?

spinal cord, nerves, brain

What are the 2 main parts of the NS and what organs are in them?

Central- Spinal cord, Brain

Peripheral- Nerves

What kind of message does the ANS send? Give an Example

Involuntary Response

Ex. Lungs- Smooth muscle- breathing

Heart- Cardiac Muscle- heart beating

What kind of message does the SNS send? Give an Example

Stimulus Response - stimulus from sense organ and response from skeletal muscle

Ex. Smell smoke- get out of house

What system is the Autonomic and Somatic a part of?

The Peripheral

What is the structure of the brain?

Soft spongy mass of nerve cells and supportive tissue. Has 3 parts

What are the 4 main lobes and where are they located?

Frontal- front

Parietal- top

Occipital- back

Temporal- side

What do the 4 lobes do?

Frontal- behavior, attention, executive functioning

Parietal- spacial awarness, sense of touch and taste

Occipital- visual processing

Temporal- sound, smell, short term memory

Function of the Spinal Cord

sends information to and from the body

What are neurons and what do they do?

Specialized cells that carry messages through an electrochemical process

What are the 4 parts of the neuron?

Dendrite, Soma, Myelin Sheath, Axon

What is the job of each part of the Neuron?

Dendrite- Doorway

Soma- Cell body

Myelin Sheath- Insulate impulse, and to speed up impulse

Axon- Exit

What is a sensory neuron and what does it do?

Requires Stimulus,

From Sensory Organ

Inward

What is a motor neuron and what does it do?

To Skeletal muscles

Outward

Response

What is a reflex? Give an Ex.

a quick response to protect the body from harm controlled by the spinal cord

Ex. Hot stove

What are 4 differences between a reflex and an involuntary response? Give an Ex.

Protect body from harm quickly

Controlled by spinal cord

Requires a stimulus

Uses Skeletal muscle to Respond

Reflex Ex. Hot Stove

Involuntary Response Ex. Heartbeat, Breathing

The brain is protected by ______?

The Skull

The spinal cord is protected by the______?

33 vertebrae

What does the brain do?

Control all body functions

The brain controls all body functions by doing what?

sending and receiving messages up and down the Spinal Cord through the nerves

What does the Peripheral Nervous System do?

Carries messages to and from part of the body to the CNS through Nerves

Carries out orders from Brain

What is the PNS made up of?

The SNS and the ANS

Soma means? and auto means?

Soma- body

Auto- by itself

Brain has how many neurons?

100 billion

Neuron messages are carried to and from?

the CNS and PNS through nerves

What’s a nerve?

bundle of neurons

What does the ANS do?

makes sure that processes in your body work

S and F of Cerebrum

S= Largest part of the brain, 2 hemispheres, 4 lobes

F= uses info from our senses to tell us what is going on and how to respond

S and F Cerebellum

S= Located under the cerebrum

F= Controls balance and complex actions and coordination of movements

S and F of the Brain Stem

S= consists of midbrain, pons, and medulla ,Connects brain to spinal cord

F= Controls Involuntary responses and keeps body in Homeostasis

S and F of the Spinal Cord

S= between the brain and the body, about 15-20 in long, and about half inch wide, forms 31 pairs

F= send info to and from the body

What is a Synapse?

a gap that separates the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of the next neuron

The message carried by Neurons is called?

Nerve Impulse

What’s an Interneuron?

Connects Sensory and Motor Neuron

Connects to other interneurons

What’s a Sensory reflex arc?

message does not go to brain

What’s the 4 things about Involuntary?

Do not need a stimulus

Actions controlled by brain

smooth/cardiac muscle

Normal activity