enzymes

What do enzymes do + their structures (hint: proteins)?

→ function: biological catalyst (speeds up a reaction)

→ Proteins in tertiary or quaternary structure, whose shape is specialized to form temporary assoiciations with the molecules reacting

Are enzymes resuable? + ending

Yes. enzymes are reusable (not consumed by the reaction) & are specific for what they catalyze + end in -ase (ex. sucrase, lactase, maltase)

Terminology (header)

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Substrate:

the substance (reactant) that an enzyme acts on

Active Site:

location where the substrate binds to the enzyme

Induced-Fit Model:

the enzyme is a dynamic protein that changes shape to better accommodate the substrate (gives it a little hug!)

Enzyme-Substrate Complex:

an enzyme with its substrate attached to its active site

Explain the catalyic cycle of an enzyme

1. The substrate, lactose, binds to the enzyme β-galactoisidase, forming an enzyme-substrate complex

2. β-galactoisidase catalyzes the hydrolysis of the bond between the two sugars of lactose, and the products are released

3. The enzyme can catalyze another reaction

Cofactors & Coenzymes (header)

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Cofactor + example