Head and Neck IV: Oral and Nasal Cavities

intrinsic or extrinsic: longitudinal, transverse, and vertical fibers

intrinsic muscles— shape of tongue

intrinsic or extrinsic: attached to bone and soft palate

extrinsic muscles— move tongue

what are taste buds innervated by?

glossopharyngeal

what are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, and palatoglossus

what extrinsic muscle + function: extends from the mandible anteriorly to the hyoid bone and the dorsum of the tongue

genioglossus: protrudes the tongue

what extrinsic muscle + function: from the hyoid bone to the side and inferior aspect of the tongue

hyoglossus: depresses and retracts tongue

what extrinsic muscle + function: from styloid process; inserts and acts with hyoglossus

styloglossus: elevate and retract tongue and aid in swallowing

what extrinsic muscle + function: from soft palate to side of the tongue

palatoglossus: elevates posterior aspect of tongue

what innervates the anterior 2/3 of tongue?

chorda tympani (taste), mandibular nerve (lingual; sensation), facial

what nerve provides motor innervation to palatoglossus muscle?

Vagus nerve

what innervates the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

glossopharyngeal (taste & general sensation) + hypoglossal nerve

what 3 structures make up the nasal septum?

perpendicular plate (superior), vomer (inferior), and septal cartilage (anterior)

these 3 structures increase the surface area of the nasal mucosa.

superior, middle, and inferior conchae

this structure allows airflow and are drainage sites for fluid from the sinuses and lacrimal gland. where is it located?

sphenoethmoidal recess; above the superior concha

where are the 4 sets of paranasal sinuses located?

frontal, maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid bones

where is the hiatus semilunaris found?

beneath the middle concha

where does the frontal, maxillary, and anterior ethmoidal sinuses drain into?

into semilunar hiatus

where does the nasolacrimal duct drain into?

into the inferior meatus

in what position does the maxillary sinus drain less well in?

upright position

where is the maxillary sinus located?

below the semilunar hiatus

significance of Kiesselbach’s plexus— where anteroinferior portion of nasal septum lies

area where branches of facial, ophthalmic, and maxillary arteries anastomose