LIPIDS‐TYPES

What are the two broad types of lipids in the body based on their general functions.

Structural lipids and Circulatory lipids

Phospholipids fall under which category of lipids?

Structural lipids

Cholesterol falls under which category?

Structural lipids

Name the type of phospholipid most common in the plasma membrane

Lecithin

What is another name for Lecithin?

Phosphatidylcholine

What is the peculiar signature of phosphatidylserine as a structural phospholipid?

It is found on the inner layer of the phospholipid bi-layer. Upon cell damage, the plasma membrane flips inside out to expose these phospholipids signalling macrophages to come and engulf it.

What do you associate Phosphatidylinositol with?

Intracellular signalling

What is the simple name for phosphatidylethalamine and where is it found?

Cephalin and chiefly in the inner membrane of mitochondria (keep in mind mitochondria has two membranes)

Where will I find Sphingomyelin?

In the myelin sheath of neurons. Remember the myelin sheath is a fatty covering and guess what else is related to fats---sphingomyelin, a type of lipid

What is the function of Cholesterol as a structural lipid?

It maintains the fluidity of the plasma membrane

Name the circulatory lipids of interest.

Chylomicron

VLDL

LDL

HDL

What type of cells produce chylomicrons?

Enterocytes(as they function in the small intestines)

What is the function of Chylomicrons?

It transports the pleeeenty dietary fatty acids you🫵 consume from the small intestines to the peripheral tissues for use and storage.

What is the function of VLD and LDL?

It transports fatty acids created by the Liver to the peripheral tissues for storage

What are the main components of sphingolipids?

A sphingosine backbone, a head and one fatty acid chain

Why do sphingolipids have only ONE fatty acid chain?

Because the sphingosine backbone comes with an in-built long chain hydrocarbon chain

What at all is sphingosine?

It is a looong chain amino alcohol---C18

When talking about the general components of sphingolipids, we mentioned Head. What can it be?

It can be Sugars or Phosphate groups

What do you get if the head is any of the monosaccharides?

Cerebrosides

What if the head is specifically glucose

Glycosphingolipid

What if the head is specifically galactose?

Galactosphingolipids