Progress Test 4

[Ex1 - Q1] The only difference between pen and when is due only to the difference in voicing.

False

[Ex1 - Q2] There are only 9 voiceless sounds in English.

True

[Ex1 - Q3] /e/ is a front mid neutral short vowel.

False

[Ex1 - Q4] /ɪ/ is a close, front and unrounded short vowel.

True

[Ex1 - Q5] /r/ is a voiced, palatal, approximant consonant.

False

[Ex1 - Q6] /l/ is voiced, alveolar, lateral consonant.

True

[Ex1 - Q7] Ether – Either is a minimal pair.

True

[Ex1 - Q8] /p/ is pronounced exactly the same in PEAK as in SPEAK.

False

[Ex1 - Q9] There are 26 phonemes in the English language.

False

[Ex1 - Q10] The first sound of the word 'chocolate' is voiceless, palate-alveolar, affricative.

True

[Ex1 - Q11] Voicing is seen as a binary matter – a sound is either voiced or it isn't.

True

[Ex1 - Q12] The vocal tract is the passageway through which air passes from the tongue out into the air outside our bodies.

False

[Ex1 - Q13] The consonant /j/ can be described as voiced, approximant, palato-alveolar.

False

[Ex1 - Q14] There are 5 alveolar sounds in English.

False

[Ex1 - Q15] Syllables consist of a centre which has great obstruction to airflow and which sounds comparatively loud, before and after this centre, there will be greater obstruction to the airflow.

False

[Ex1 - Q16] When a feature distinguishes one word from another, it is a distinctive feature.

False

[Ex1 - Q17] There are 3 neutral pure vowels in English.

False

[Ex1 - Q18] There are 6 closing diphthongs.

False

[Ex1 - Q19] In terms of place of articulation, consonants are classified into 6 categories.

False

[Ex1 - Q20] There are 4 front pure vowels in English.

True

[Ex2 - Q1] What are the major differences between English vowels and consonants, in terms of articulation and distribution?

Vowels are produced with little to no obstruction in the vocal tract, are more sonorous, and form the nucleus (centre) of a syllable. In contrast, consonants are produced with a narrow or complete closure, are less sonorous, and are generally not syllabic.

[Ex2 - Q2] According to what principles are the English diphthongs classified? Illustrate your answers with examples.

They are classified by the direction of their glide. Centring diphthongs (/ɪə/, /eə/, /ʊə/) end with a glide towards the central vowel /ə/. Closing diphthongs end with a glide towards a closer vowel, divided into those gliding towards /ɪ/ (/eɪ/, /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/) and those gliding towards /ʊ/ (/aʊ/, /əʊ/).

[Ex3 - Q1] threw /θruː/ – true /truː/: What are the distinguishing features and describe each sound?

The distinguishing features are manner and place of articulation. /θ/ is a dental fricative, whereas /t/ is an alveolar plosive.

[Ex3 - Q2] short /ʃɔːt/ – shirt /ʃɜːt/: What are the distinguishing features and describe each sound?

The distinguishing features are vowel quality and lip shape. /ɔː/ is a back, rounded vowel, whereas /ɜː/ is a central, neutral vowel.

[Ex4] In the word "procedures" /prəˈsiːdʒəz/, describe the consonant /p/.

Voicing: voiceless | Place of articulation: bilabial | Manner of articulation: plosive (stop)

[Ex4] In the word "procedures" /prəˈsiːdʒəz/, describe the consonant /r/.

Voicing: voiced | Place of articulation: palato-alveolar | Manner of articulation: approximant

[Ex4] In the word "procedures" /prəˈsiːdʒəz/, describe the consonant /s/.

Voicing: voiceless | Place of articulation: alveolar | Manner of articulation: fricative

[Ex4] In the word "procedures" /prəˈsiːdʒəz/, describe the consonant /dʒ/.

Voicing: voiced | Place of articulation: palato-alveolar | Manner of articulation: affricative

[Ex4] In the word "procedures" /prəˈsiːdʒəz/, describe the consonant /z/.

Voicing: voiced | Place of articulation: alveolar | Manner of articulation: fricative