A&P

List down 2 organs/systems that originate from the (1) Ectoderm (2 organs/systems), (2) Mesoderm (2 organs/systems), (3) Endoderm (2 organs/systems).

Nervous system, tooth enamel; Notochord, skeletal system; Liver, pancreas

In human Embryonic development please fill in the blank boxes.

Morula, Blastula, Gastrula

List down 7 organelles in the cytoplasm

Mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, peroxisome, cytoskeleton

Cytoskeleton is composed of proteins and assembled into 3 different types: list them down

Microtubules, intermediate filaments, microfilaments

________ is the organelle where rRNA is made

Nucleolus

____________ has ribosomes attached to their surfaces on the membrane. They have a role in modifying _____________

Rough endoplasmic reticulum, proteins

___________ face – Receiving face towards the ER and nucleus.

Trans

___________________face – Releasing face towards the cell plasma membrane

Cis

________________ functions as garbage disposals by removing any broken organelles, pathogen.

Lysosome

List down the parts of the organelles/organelles involved in the Endomembrane system.

Plasma membrane, nuclear envelope, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes

In ___________ solution, the solution has a lower concentration of solutes and a higher concentration of water than inside the cell. (Low solute; High water)

Hypotonic

In _______________________ solution, the solution has a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of water than inside the cell. (High solute; Low water)

Hypertonic

In ____________________________ solution, the concentration of solutes in the solution is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the cell.

Isotonic

What transports are these?

Passive transport, active transport

Please fill in the boxes

ATP, ADP

______________ is when big molecules/particles are brought inside the cell

Phagocytosis

________________when large amount of liquid in brought inside the cell.

Pinocytosis

____________________________when only specific molecules enter the cell (the ones that matches with the receptors in the membrane.

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

______________________ diffusion - diffusion of specific particles through transport proteins found in the membrane.

Facilitated

Label the image

Epidermis, papillary layer, reticular layer, dermis, subcutaneous layer

List down 3 functions of the Integumentary system

Storage of lipids, production of melanin, production of keratin

List down one function of EGF

Promotes division of basal cells

Water is lost from skin in two ways - Please list them down

Insensible perspiration, sensible perspiration

Sensory receptors respond to Light touch, ______________ corpuscles, in dermal papillae

Tactile

Sensory receptors respond to Deep pressure and vibration, ______________ corpuscles, in reticular layer

Lamellar

Insufficient vitamin D3 can cause _________.

Rickets

Label the picture

Merocrine, apocrine, holocrine

Please list down the four phases of integumentary injury

Inflammation phase, migration phase, proliferation phase, scarring phase

Please list down any 2 effects of aging in skin

Epidermis thins, repair rate slows

________________ glands produces ____________ that prevents foreign particles from reaching the eardrum

Ceruminous, cerumen

The skeletal system is divided into two divisions, please list them down

Axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton

List down 3 functions of the bone!

Support of the body, blood cell formation, protection of soft organs

The adult skeleton has __________ bones

206

List down the two basic types of bone tissue

Compact, spongy

In the long bone ___________ is composed mostly of spongy bone

Epiphysis

In the long bone__________ is composed of compact bone

Diaphysis

Please fill in the different stages of Bone healing

Hematoma formation, fibrocartilage callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling

Please label the diagram (Blanks)

Frontal bone, sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone, lacrimal bone, parietal bone, temporal bone, octal bone, zygomatic bone

_____________ is a fibrous membranes connecting the cranial bones

Fontanelles

Three basic muscle types are found in the body

Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle

Structures that make up a muscle fiber are called___________________

Myofibrils

Protein filaments that make up a sarcomere are called _________________

Myofilaments

_______________covers the entire skeletal muscle

Epimysium

____________________surrounds a bundle of muscle fibers (fascicle)

Perimysium

_____________________surrounds a single muscle fiber (cell)

Endomysium

In transmission of Nerve Impulse to Muscle, Step 1 - nerve releases a _______________ (acetylcholine)

Neurotransmitter

In transmission of Nerve Impulse to Muscle, Step 2: _______________________ causes the muscle cell membrane gates to open

Neurotransmitter

In transmission of Nerve Impulse to Muscle, Step 3: Ions (________________) exchange places causing the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release______________

Na+ and K+, Ca2+

In transmission of Nerve impulse to muscle, Step 4: This release of Ca+ starts the muscle contraction as the __________ filaments slide past the __________ filaments

Actin, myosin

Nerve fibers that carry information to the central nervous system is _________________ sensory division

Afferent

Nerve fibers that carry impulses away from the central nervous system is ____________________________ sensory division

Efferent

______________ cells form myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system

Schwann

__________ cell produce myelin sheath around nerve fibers in the central nervous system

Oligodendrocytes

__________________ is antagonistic to parathyroid hormone maintaining Calcium homeostasis.

Calcitonin

____________________ allows glucose to enter the blood from _____________ cells

Glucagon, alpha

______________________allows glucose to cross plasma membranes into cells from _________ cells

Insulin, beta

__________________ gland secretes Melatonin

Pineal

Fill in the blanks

Nose/nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

____________________ is the largest lymphatic organ

Spleen

__________ is the largest lymphatic organ

(Thymus is large during pregnancy)

____________________ forms plaques in arteries, triggering inflammation.

LDL cholesterol

The _______________________ node is nervous tissue that times heart beats.

Sinoatrial (SA)

_____________ muscular movement brings food to stomach.

Peristalsis

Small intestines produce 3 enzymes. please list them down

Protease, carbohydrate, lipase